关于PHP4.3.3安装问题？急，UP有分！

BruceZhang 2003-09-26 07:56:59

我在我的机器上开始安装了PHP4.3.1，用Apache做的服务，很好使，昨天我把PHP4.3.1更换成PHP4.3.3后就不能解析脚本语言了。
网页中直接显示：
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
这是为什么：其配置如下：
# 配置PHP4
LoadModule php4_module d:/php/SAPI/php4apache2.dll
<FilesMatch ".php$">
SetOutPutFilter PHP
</FilesMatch>

...全文

22 14 打赏收藏转发到动态举报

写回复

14 条回复

切换为时间正序

请发表友善的回复…

发表回复

ashchen 2003-09-30

打赏
举报

回复

配置不对

sven 2003-09-30

打赏
举报

回复

ScriptAlias /php4/ "D:/php/"
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php4 .php
Action application/x-httpd-php4 "/php4/php.exe"

加上这个没有？
是不是你的PHP的执行程序没有去去解释.php的文件哦～

jueban9818 2003-09-30

打赏
举报

回复

路径错误！

gboy2003 2003-09-30

打赏
举报

回复

up

BruceZhang 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

都重新复制过了。

taogx 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

停止apache服务（如果IIS服务也用了，IIS也要停掉）
把d:/php/SAPI/php4apache2.dll删掉重新安装一下

zyjie2 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

那些DLL文件有没有重新复制了啊

重新配置一下吧

XiaoYibill 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

LoadModule php4_module d:/php/SAPI/php3apache2.dll
你删除没有

XiaoYibill 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

你把以前的设置删除没有哦！

BruceZhang 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

重启过遍了，而且路径就是原来的，没有改变过！

tweeg_nee 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

up

zykj_2000 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

路径啊什么有没有对
你的Apache有没有重新启动

pastor 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

UP

taogx 2003-09-26

打赏
举报

回复

把httpd.conf贴出来看看

1. Introduction to Zend Framework 1.1. 概述 1.2. 安装 2. Zend_Acl 2.1. 简介 2.1.1. 关于资源(Resource) 2.1.2. 关于角色(Role) 2.1.3. 创建访问控制列表(ACL) 2.1.4. 注册角色(Role) 2.1.5. 定义访问控制 2.1.6. 查询 ACL 2.2. 精细的访问控制 2.2.1. 精细的访问控制 2.2.2. 除去访问控制 2.3. 高级用法 2.3.1. 保存 ACL 数据确保持久性 2.3.2. 使用声明(Assert)来编写条件性的 ACL 规则 3. Zend_Auth 3.1. 简介 3.1.1. 适配器 3.1.2. 结果 3.1.3. 身份的持久（Persistence） 3.1.3.1. 在PHP Session 中的缺省持久（Persistence） 3.1.3.2. 实现订制存储 3.1.4. 使用Zend_Auth 3.2. 数据库表认证 3.2.1. 简介 3.2.2. 高级使用：持久一个 DbTable 结果对象 3.2.3. 高级用法示例 3.3. 摘要式认证 3.3.1. 简介 3.3.2. 规范（Specifics） 3.3.3. 身份（Identity） 3.4. HTTP 认证适配器 3.4.1. 简介 3.4.2. 设计回顾 3.4.3. 配置选项 3.4.4. Resolvers 3.4.4.1. 文件 Resolver 3.4.5. 基本用法 4. Zend_Cache 4.1. 简介 4.2. 缓存原理 4.2.1. Zend_Cache 工厂方法 4.2.2. 标记纪录 4.2.3. 缓存清理 4.3. Zend_Cache前端 4.3.1. Zend_Cache_Core 4.3.1.1. 简介 4.3.1.2. 可用选项 4.3.1.3. 例子 4.3.2. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Output 4.3.2.1. 简介 4.3.2.2. 可用的选项 4.3.2.3. 例子 4.3.3. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Function 4.3.3.1. Introduction 4.3.3.2. A可用的选项 4.3.3.3. 例子 4.3.4. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Class 4.3.4.1. Introduction 4.3.4.2. Available options 4.3.4.3. Examples 4.3.5. Zend_Cache_Frontend_File 4.3.5.1. Introduction 4.3.5.2. Available options 4.3.5.3. Examples 4.3.6. Zend_Cache_Frontend_Page 4.3.6.1. Introduction 4.3.6.2. Available options (for this frontend in Zend_Cache factory) 4.3.6.3. Examples 4.4. Zend_Cache后端 4.4.1. Zend_Cache_Backend_File 4.4.2. Zend_Cache_Backend_Sqlite 4.4.3. Zend_Cache_Backend_Memcached 4.4.4. Zend_Cache_Backend_Apc 4.4.5. Zend_Cache_Backend_ZendPlatform 5. Zend_Config 5.1. 简介 5.2. 操作理论 5.3. Zend_Config_Ini 5.4. Zend_Config_Xml 6. Zend_Console_Getopt 6.1. Getopt 简介 6.2. 声明 Getopt 规则 6.2.1. 用短语法声明选项 6.2.2. 用长语法声明选项 6.3. 读取（Fetching）选项和参数 6.3.1. 操作 Getopt 异常 6.3.2. 通过名字读取（Fetching）选项 6.3.3. 报告选项 6.3.4. 读取非选项参数 6.4. 配置 Zend_Console_Getopt 6.4.1. 添加选项规则 6.4.2. 添加帮助信息 6.4.3. 添加选项别名 6.4.4. 添加参数列表 6.4.5. 添加配置 7. Zend_Controller 7.1. Zend_Controller 快速入门 7.1.1. 简介 7.1.2. 入门 7.1.2.1. 文件系统的组织结构 7.1.2.2. 设置文件根目录 7.1.2.3. 创建URL重写规则 7.1.2.4. 创建你的bootstrap文件 7.1.2.5. 创建默认的控制器（Action Controller） 7.1.2.6. 创建你的视图脚本 7.1.2.7. 创建你自己的错误控制器 7.1.2.8. 访问站点！ 7.2. Zend_Controller 基础 7.3. 前端控制器 7.3.1. 概述 7.3.2. 主要方法 7.3.2.1. getInstance() 7.3.2.2. setControllerDirectory() 和 addControllerDirectory() 7.3.2.3. dispatch() 7.3.2.4. run() 7.3.3. 环境访问器方法 7.3.4. 前端控制器参数 7.3.5. 继承前端控制器 7.4. 请求对象 7.4.1. 介绍 7.4.2. HTTP 请求 7.4.2.1. 访问请求数据 7.4.2.2. 基地址和子目录 7.4.2.3. 决定请求方式 7.4.2.4. 删除 AJAX 请求 7.4.3. 子类化请求对象 7.5. 标准路由器：Zend_Controller_Router_Rewrite 7.5.1. 简介 7.5.2. 使用路由器 7.5.3. 基本的Rewrite路由器操作 7.5.4. 缺省路由 7.5.5. 基本 URL 和子目录 7.5.6. Route Types 7.5.6.1. Zend_Controller_Router_Route 7.5.6.1.1. 变量缺省 7.5.6.1.2. 变量请求 7.5.6.2. Zend_Controller_Router_Route_Static 7.5.6.3. Zend_Controller_Router_Route_Regex 7.5.7. 使用 Zend_Config with the RewriteRouter 7.5.8. Subclassing the Router 7.6. 分发器 7.6.1. 概述 7.6.2. 子类化分发器 7.7. 动作控制器 7.7.1. 简介 7.7.2. 对象初始化 7.7.3. 派遣前后的钩子 7.7.4. 访问器 7.7.5. 视图集成 7.7.5.1. 视图初始化 7.7.5.2. 解析（Rendering）视图 7.7.6. 实用方法 7.7.7. 继承（Subclassing）动作控制器 7.8. 动作助手 7.8.1. 介绍 7.8.2. 初始化助手 7.8.3. 助手经纪人 7.8.4. 内建的动作助手 7.8.4.1. 动作堆栈（助手） 7.8.4.2. AutoComplete 7.8.4.2.1. AutoCompletion with Dojo 7.8.4.2.2. AutoCompletion with Scriptaculous 7.8.4.3. ContextSwitch and AjaxContext 7.8.4.3.1. 缺省可用的上下文 7.8.4.3.2. 创建定制的上下文 7.8.4.3.3. 为每个动作设置上下文 7.8.4.3.4. 初始化上下文开关 7.8.4.3.5. 另外的功能 7.8.4.3.6. AjaxContext 函数 7.8.4.4. FlashMessenger 7.8.4.4.1. 简介 7.8.4.4.2. Basic Usage Example 7.8.4.5. JSON 7.8.4.6. 转向器(Redirector) 7.8.4.6.1. 介绍 7.8.4.6.2. 基础用例 7.8.4.7. ViewRenderer 7.8.4.7.1. 介绍 7.8.4.7.2. API 7.8.4.7.3. 基础用法示例 7.8.4.7.4. 高级用法示例 7.8.5. 编写自己的助手 7.9. 响应对象 7.9.1. 用法 7.9.2. 处理消息头 7.9.3. 命名片段 7.9.4. 在响应对象中测试异常 7.9.5. 子类化响应对象 7.10. 插件 7.10.1. 简介 7.10.2. 编写插件 7.10.3. 使用插件 7.10.4. 获取和控制插件 7.10.5. 包含在标准发行包中的插件 7.10.5.1. 动作堆栈 7.10.5.2. Zend_Controller_Plugin_ErrorHandler 7.10.5.2.1. 使用 ErrorHandler 作为一个 404 处理器（handler） 7.10.5.2.2. 处理以前呈现的(rendered)输出 7.10.5.2.3. 插件用法示例 7.10.5.2.4. 错误控制器示例 7.11. 使用传统的模块目录结构 7.11.1. 简介 7.11.2. 指定模块控制器目录 7.11.3. Routing to modules 7.11.4. 模块或全局缺省控制器 7.12. MVC 异常 7.12.1. 介绍 7.12.2. 如何处理异常? 7.12.3. 可能遭遇的MVC异常 7.13. 从以前的版本移植 7.13.1. 从 1.0.x 到 1.5.0 或更新的版本的移植 7.13.2. 从 0.9.3 到 1.0.0RC1 或更新的版本的移植 7.13.3. 从 0.9.2 移植到 0.9.3 或更新的版本 7.13.4. 从 0.6.0 移植到 0.8.0 或更新的版本 7.13.5. 从 0.2.0 或以前的版本移植到 0.6.0 8. Zend_Currency 8.1. Zend_Currency 简介 8.1.1. 为什么使用 Zend_Currency ？ 8.2. 如何使用货币 8.2.1. 从货币创建输出 8.2.2. 修改货币格式 8.2.3. Zend_Currency 的信息方法 8.2.4. 设置新缺省值 8.2.5. 加速 Zend_Currency 8.3. 从前面的版本迁移 8.3.1. 从 1.0.2 到 1.0.3 或更新的迁移 9. Zend_Date 9.1. Introduction 9.1.1. Always Set a Default Timezone 9.1.2. Why Use Zend_Date? 9.2. 操作理论 9.2.1. 内部（Internals） 9.3. Basic Methods 9.3.1. The current date 9.3.2. Zend_Date by Example 9.3.2.1. Ouput a Date 9.3.2.2. Setting a Date 9.3.2.3. Adding and Subtracting Dates 9.3.2.4. Comparation of dates 9.4. Zend_Date API Overview 9.4.1. Zend_Date Options 9.4.1.1. Selecting the date format type 9.4.1.2. DST and Date Math 9.4.1.3. Month Calculations 9.4.1.4. Speed up date localization and normalization with Zend_Cache 9.4.1.5. Receiving syncronised timestamps with Zend_TimeSync 9.4.2. Working with Date Values 9.4.3. Basic Zend_Date Operations Common to Many Date Parts 9.4.3.1. List of Date Parts 9.4.3.2. List of Date Operations 9.4.4. Comparing Dates 9.4.5. Getting Dates and Date Parts 9.4.6. Working with Fractions of Seconds 9.4.7. Sunrise / Sunset 9.5. Creation of dates 9.5.1. Create the actual date 9.5.2. Create a date from database 9.5.3. Create dates from an array 9.6. Constants for General Date Functions 9.6.1. Using Constants 9.6.2. List of All Constants 9.6.3. Self-Defined OUTPUT Formats with ISO 9.6.4. Self-defined OUTPUT formats using PHP's date() format specifiers 9.7. Working examples 9.7.1. Checking dates 9.7.2. Sunrise and Sunset 9.7.3. Timezones 10. Zend_Db 10.1. Zend_Db_Adapter 10.1.1. 简介 10.1.2. 添加引号防止数据库攻击 10.1.3. 直接查询 10.1.4. 事务处理 10.1.5. 插入数据行 10.1.6. 更新数据行 10.1.7. 删除数据行 10.1.8. 取回查询结果 10.2. Zend_Db_Statement 10.2.1. Creating a Statement 10.2.2. Executing a Statement 10.2.3. Fetching Results from a SELECT Statement 10.2.3.1. Fetching a Single Row from a Result Set 10.2.3.2. Fetching a Complete Result Set 10.2.3.3. Changing the Fetch Mode 10.2.3.4. Fetching a Single Column from a Result Set 10.2.3.5. Fetching a Row as an Object 10.3. Zend_Db_Profiler 10.3.1. Introduction 10.3.2. Using the Profiler 10.3.3. Advanced Profiler Usage 10.3.3.1. Filter by query elapsed time 10.3.3.2. Filter by query type 10.3.3.3. Retrieve profiles by query type 10.4. Zend_Db_Select 10.4.1. 简介 10.4.2. 同一表中查询多列数据 10.4.3. 多表联合查询 10.4.4. WHERE条件 10.4.5. GROUP BY分句 10.4.6. HAVING 条件 10.4.7. ORDER BY 分句 10.4.8. 通过总数和偏移量进行LIMIT限制 10.4.9. 通过页数和总数进行LIMIT限制 10.5. Zend_Db_Table 10.5.1. 简介 10.5.2. 开始 10.5.3. 表名和主键 10.5.4. 插入数据 10.5.5. 更新数据 10.5.6. Deleting Rows 10.5.7. 根据主键查找数据 10.5.8. 取回一条记录 10.5.9. 取回多条记录 10.5.10. Adding Domain Logic 10.6. Zend_Db_Table_Row 10.6.1. 简介 10.6.2. 取回一条记录 10.6.3. 修改数据 10.7. Zend_Db_Table_Rowset 10.7.1. 简介 10.7.2. 取回结果集 10.7.3. 遍历结果集 10.8. Zend_Db_Table Relationships 10.8.1. Introduction 10.8.2. Defining Relationships 10.8.3. Fetching a Dependent Rowset 10.8.4. Fetching a Parent Row 10.8.5. Fetching a Rowset via a Many-to-many Relationship 10.8.6. Cascading Write Operations 10.8.6.1. Notes Regarding Cascading Operations 11. Zend_Debug 11.1. 输出变量的值 (Dumping Variables) 12. Zend_Exception 12.1. 使用“异常” 13. Zend_Feed 13.1. 介绍 13.2. 导入Feeds 13.2.1. 定制 feeds 13.2.1.1. 导入定制的数组 13.2.1.2. 导入定制的数据源 13.2.1.3. Dumping feed 内容 13.3. 从网页上获得Feed 13.4. RSS Feed的使用 13.5. Atom Feed的使用 13.6. 单个Atom条目的处理 13.7. 修改Feed和条目结构 13.8. 自定义Feed和条目类 14. Zend_Filter 14.1. 简介 14.1.1. 什么是过滤器(filter)？ 14.1.2. 过滤器的基本用法 14.1.3. 使用静态 get() 方法 14.2. 标准过滤器类 14.2.1. Alnum 14.2.2. Alpha 14.2.3. BaseName 14.2.4. Digits 14.2.5. Dir 14.2.6. HtmlEntities 14.2.7. Int 14.2.8. RealPath 14.2.9. StringToLower 14.2.10. StringToUpper 14.2.11. StringTrim 14.2.12. StripTags 14.3. 过滤器链 14.4. 编写过滤器 14.5. Zend_Filter_Input 14.5.1. Declaring Filter and Validator Rules 14.5.2. Creating the Filter and Validator Processor 14.5.3. Retrieving Validated Fields and other Reports 14.5.3.1. Querying if the input is valid 14.5.3.2. Getting Invalid, Missing, or Unknown Fields 14.5.3.3. Getting Valid Fields 14.5.4. Using Metacommands to Control Filter or Validator Rules 14.5.4.1. The FIELDS metacommand 14.5.4.2. The PRESENCE metacommand 14.5.4.3. The DEFAULT_VALUE metacommand 14.5.4.4. The ALLOW_EMPTY metacommand 14.5.4.5. The BREAK_CHAIN metacommand 14.5.4.6. The MESSAGES metacommand 14.5.4.7. Using options to set metacommands for all rules 14.5.5. Adding Filter Class Namespaces 14.6. Zend_Filter_Inflector 14.6.1. Operation 14.6.2. Setting Paths To Alternate Filters 14.6.3. Setting the Inflector Target 14.6.4. Inflection Rules 14.6.4.1. Static Rules 14.6.4.2. Filter Inflector Rules 14.6.4.3. Setting Many Rules At Once 14.6.5. Utility Methods 14.6.6. Using Zend_Config with Zend_Filter_Inflector 15. Zend_Form 15.1. Zend_Form 15.2. Zend_Form 快速起步 15.2.1. 创建表单对象 15.2.2. 添加表单元素 15.2.3. 解析（Render）表单 15.2.4. 检查表单是否有效 15.2.5. 获得错误状态 15.2.6. 放到一起 15.2.7. 使用 Zend_Config 对象 15.2.8. 结论 15.3. 使用 Zend_Form_Element 生成表单元素 15.3.1. 插件加载器 15.3.2. 过滤器 15.3.3. 校验器 15.3.4. 装饰器 15.3.5. 元数据和属性 15.3.6. 标准元素 15.3.7. Zend_Form_Element 方法 15.3.8. 配置 15.3.9. 定制元素 15.4. 使用 Zend_Form 生成表单 15.4.1. 插件加载器 15.4.2. 元素（Elements） 15.4.2.1. 组装和读取数值 15.4.2.2. 全局操作 15.4.2.3. 和元素交互使用的方法 15.4.3. 显示组（Display Groups） 15.4.3.1. 全局操作 15.4.3.2. 使用定制的显示组类 15.4.3.3. 和显示组交互使用的方法 15.4.3.4. Zend_Form_DisplayGroup 方法 15.4.4. 子表单 15.4.4.1. 全局操作 15.4.4.2. 和子表单交互使用的方法 15.4.5. 元数据（Metadata）和属性（Attributes） 15.4.6. 装饰器 15.4.7. 校验 15.4.8. 方法 15.4.9. 配置 15.4.10. 定制表单 15.5. 使用 Zend_Form_Decorator 生成定制的表单标识（Markup） 15.5.1. 操作 15.5.2. 标准装饰器 15.5.3. 定制装饰器 15.6. Zend Framework 带有的标准表单元素 15.6.1. Zend_Form_Element_Button 15.6.2. Zend_Form_Element_Checkbox 15.6.3. Zend_Form_Element_Hidden 15.6.4. Zend_Form_Element_Hash 15.6.5. Zend_Form_Element_Image 15.6.6. Zend_Form_Element_MultiCheckbox 15.6.7. Zend_Form_Element_Multiselect 15.6.8. Zend_Form_Element_Password 15.6.9. Zend_Form_Element_Radio 15.6.10. Zend_Form_Element_Reset 15.6.11. Zend_Form_Element_Select 15.6.12. Zend_Form_Element_Submit 15.6.13. Zend_Form_Element_Text 15.6.14. Zend_Form_Element_Textarea 15.7. Zend Framework 带有的标准表单装饰器（Decorators） 15.7.1. Zend_Form_Decorator_Callback 15.7.2. Zend_Form_Decorator_Description 15.7.3. Zend_Form_Decorator_DtDdWrapper 15.7.4. Zend_Form_Decorator_Errors 15.7.5. Zend_Form_Decorator_Fieldset 15.7.6. Zend_Form_Decorator_Form 15.7.7. Zend_Form_Decorator_FormElements 15.7.8. Zend_Form_Decorator_HtmlTag 15.7.9. Zend_Form_Decorator_Image 15.7.10. Zend_Form_Decorator_Label 15.7.11. Zend_Form_Decorator_ViewHelper 15.7.12. Zend_Form_Decorator_ViewScript 15.8. Zend_Form 的国际化 15.8.1. 在表单中初始化 I18n 15.8.2. 标准 I18N 目标 15.9. Zend_Form 的高级用法 15.9.1. 数组符号（Notation） 15.9.2. 多页表单 16. Zend_Gdata 16.1. Introduction to Gdata 16.1.1. Structure of Zend_Gdata 16.1.2. Interacting with Google Services 16.1.3. Obtaining instances of Zend_Gdata classes 16.1.4. Google Data Client Authentication 16.1.5. Dependencies 16.1.6. Creating a new Gdata client 16.1.7. Common query parameters 16.1.8. Fetching a feed 16.1.9. Working with multi-page feeds 16.1.10. Working with data in feeds and entries 16.1.11. Updating entries 16.1.12. Posting entries to Google servers 16.1.13. Deleting entries on Google servers 16.2. Authenticating with AuthSub 16.2.1. Creating an AuthSub authenticated Http Client 16.2.2. Revoking AuthSub authentication 16.3. Authenticating with ClientLogin 16.3.1. Creating a ClientLogin authenticated Http Client 16.3.2. Terminating a ClientLogin authenticated Http Client 16.4. Using Google Calendar 16.4.1. Connecting To The Calendar Service 16.4.1.1. Authentication 16.4.1.2. Creating A Service Instance 16.4.2. Retrieving A Calendar List 16.4.3. Retrieving Events 16.4.3.1. Queries 16.4.3.2. Retrieving Events In Order Of Start Time 16.4.3.3. Retrieving Events In A Specified Date Range 16.4.3.4. Retrieving Events By Fulltext Query 16.4.3.5. Retrieving Individual Events 16.4.4. Creating Events 16.4.4.1. Creating Single-Occurrence Events 16.4.4.2. Event Schedules and Reminders 16.4.4.3. Creating Recurring Events 16.4.4.4. Using QuickAdd 16.4.5. Modifying Events 16.4.6. Deleting Events 16.4.7. Accessing Event Comments 16.5. Using Google Documents List Data API 16.5.1. Get a List of Documents 16.5.2. Upload a Document 16.5.3. Searching the documents feed 16.5.3.1. Get a List of Word Processing Documents 16.5.3.2. Get a List of Spreadsheets 16.5.3.3. Performing a text query 16.6. Using Google Spreadsheets 16.6.1. Create a Spreadsheet 16.6.2. Get a List of Spreadsheets 16.6.3. Get a List of Worksheets 16.6.4. Interacting With List-based Feeds 16.6.4.1. Get a List-based Feed 16.6.4.2. Reverse-sort Rows 16.6.4.3. Send a Structured Query 16.6.4.4. Add a Row 16.6.4.5. Edit a Row 16.6.4.6. Delete a Row 16.6.5. Interacting With Cell-based Feeds 16.6.5.1. Get a Cell-based Feed 16.6.5.2. Send a Cell Range Query 16.6.5.3. Change Contents of a Cell 16.7. Using Google Apps Provisioning 16.7.1. Setting the current domain 16.7.1.1. Setting the domain for the service class 16.7.1.2. Setting the domain for query classes 16.7.2. Interacting with users 16.7.2.1. Creating a user account 16.7.2.2. Retrieving a user account 16.7.2.3. Retrieving all users in a domain 16.7.2.4. Updating a user account 16.7.2.4.1. Resetting a user's password 16.7.2.4.2. Forcing a user to change their password 16.7.2.4.3. Suspending a user account 16.7.2.4.4. Granting administrative rights 16.7.2.5. Deleting user accounts 16.7.3. Interacting with nicknames 16.7.3.1. Creating a nickname 16.7.3.2. Retrieving a nickname 16.7.3.3. Retrieving all nicknames for a user 16.7.3.4. Retrieving all nicknames in a domain 16.7.3.5. Deleting a nickname 16.7.4. Interacting with email lists 16.7.4.1. Creating an email list 16.7.4.2. Retrieving all email lists to which a recipient is subscribed 16.7.4.3. Retrieving all email lists in a domain 16.7.4.4. Deleting an email list 16.7.5. Interacting with email list recipients 16.7.5.1. Adding a recipient to an email list 16.7.5.2. Retrieving the list of subscribers to an email list 16.7.5.3. Removing a recipient from an email list 16.7.6. Handling errors 16.8. Using Google Base 16.8.1. Connect To The Base Service 16.8.1.1. Authentication 16.8.1.2. Create A Service Instance 16.8.2. Retrieve Items 16.8.2.1. Send a Structured Query 16.8.2.1.1. Query Customer Items Feed 16.8.2.1.2. Query Snippets Feed 16.8.2.2. Iterate through the Items 16.8.3. Insert, Update, and Delete Customer Items 16.8.3.1. Insert an Item 16.8.3.2. Modify an Item 16.8.3.3. Delete an Item 16.9. Using the YouTube data API 16.9.1. Retrieving video feeds 16.9.1.1. Searching for videos by metadata 16.9.1.2. Searching for videos by categories and tags/keywords 16.9.1.3. Retrieving standard feeds 16.9.1.4. Retrieving videos uploaded by a user 16.9.1.5. Retrieving videos favorited by a user 16.9.1.6. Retrieving video responses for a video 16.9.2. Retrieving video comments 16.9.3. Retrieving playlist feeds 16.9.3.1. Retrieving the playlists of a user 16.9.3.2. Retrieving a specific playlist 16.9.4. Retrieving a list of a user's subscriptions 16.9.5. Retrieving a user's profile 16.10. Using Picasa Web Albums 16.10.1. Connecting To The Service 16.10.1.1. Authentication 16.10.1.2. Creating A Service Instance 16.10.2. Understanding and Constructing Queries 16.10.3. Retrieving Feeds And Entries 16.10.3.1. Retrieving A User 16.10.3.2. Retrieving An Album 16.10.3.3. Retrieving A Photo 16.10.3.4. Retrieving A Comment 16.10.3.5. Retrieving A Tag 16.10.4. Creating Entries 16.10.4.1. Creating An Album 16.10.4.2. Creating A Photo 16.10.4.3. Creating A Comment 16.10.4.4. Creating A Tag 16.10.5. Deleting Entries 16.10.5.1. Deleting An Album 16.10.5.2. Deleting A Photo 16.10.5.3. Deleting A Comment 16.10.5.4. Deleting A Tag 16.10.5.5. Optimistic Concurrency (Notes On Deletion) 16.11. Catching Gdata Exceptions 17. Zend_Http 17.1. Zend_Http_Client 17.1.1. 简介 17.1.2. 带有指定的HTTP头的基本 GET 请求 17.1.3. 发送请求到多个域名 17.1.4. 改变HTTP timeout时间 17.1.5. 动态指定HTTP Header 17.1.6. 构造 HTTP POST, PUT, 和 DELETE 请求 17.2. Zend_Http_Client - Advanced Usage 17.2.1. HTTP Redirections 17.2.2. Adding Cookies and Using Cookie Persistence 17.2.3. Setting Custom Request Headers 17.2.4. File Uploads 17.2.5. Sending Raw POST Data 17.2.6. HTTP Authentication 17.2.7. Sending Multiple Requests With the Same Client 17.3. Zend_Http_Client - Connection Adapters 17.3.1. Overview 17.3.2. The Socket Adapter 17.3.3. The Proxy Adapter 17.3.4. The Test Adapter 17.3.5. Creating your own connection adapters 17.4. Zend_Http_Cookie and Zend_Http_CookieJar 17.4.1. Introduction 17.4.2. Instantiating Zend_Http_Cookie Objects 17.4.3. Zend_Http_Cookie getter methods 17.4.4. Zend_Http_Cookie: Matching against a scenario 17.4.5. The Zend_Http_CookieJar Class: Instantiation 17.4.6. Adding Cookies to a Zend_Http_CookieJar object 17.4.7. Retrieving Cookies From a Zend_Http_CookieJar object 17.5. Zend_Http_Response 17.5.1. 简介 18. Zend_Json 18.1. 简介 18.2. 基本用法 18.3. JSON 对象 18.4. XML 到 JSON 转换 19. Zend_Layout 19.1. 简介 19.2. Zend_Layout 快速入门 19.2.1. 布局脚本 19.2.2. 和Zend Framework MVC一起使用 Zend_Layout 19.2.3. 使用Zend_Layout做为独立的组件 19.2.4. 尝试一下布局 19.3. Zend_Layout 配置选项 19.3.1. 范例 19.4. Zend_Layout 高级用法 19.4.1. 定制视图对象 19.4.2. 定制前端控制器插件 19.4.3. 定制动作助手 19.4.4. 定制布局脚本路径解析（Resolution）：使用变形器（Inflector） 20. Zend_Loader 20.1. 动态加载文件和类 20.1.1. 加载文件 20.1.2. 加载类 20.1.3. 判定某个文件是否可读 20.1.4. 使用 Autoloader 20.2. 加载插件 20.2.1. 基本用例 20.2.2. 处理插件路径 20.2.3. 测试插件和获取类的名字 21. Zend_Locale 21.1. Introduction 21.1.1. What is Localization 21.1.2. What is a Locale? 21.1.3. How are Locales Represented? 21.1.4. Selecting the Right Locale 21.1.5. Usage of automatic Locales 21.1.6. Using a default Locale 21.1.7. ZF Locale-Aware Classes 21.1.8. Zend_Locale_Format::setOptions(array $options) 21.1.9. Speed up Zend_Locale and it's subclasses 21.2. Using Zend_Locale 21.2.1. Copying, Cloning, and Serializing Locale Objects 21.2.2. Equality 21.2.3. Default locales 21.2.4. Set a new locale 21.2.5. Getting the language and region 21.2.6. Obtaining localized strings 21.2.7. Obtaining translations for "yes" and "no" 21.2.8. Get a list of all known locales 21.3. Normalization and Localization 21.3.1. Number normalization: getNumber($input, Array $options) 21.3.1.1. Precision and Calculations 21.3.2. Number localization 21.3.3. Number testing 21.3.4. Float value normalization 21.3.5. Floating point value localization 21.3.6. Floating point value testing 21.3.7. Integer value normalization 21.3.8. Integer point value localization 21.3.9. Integer value testing 21.3.10. Numeral System Conversion 21.3.10.1. List of supported numeral systems 21.4. Working with Dates and Times 21.4.1. Normalizing Dates and Times 21.4.2. Testing Dates 21.4.3. Normalizing a Time 21.4.4. Testing Times 21.5. Supported Languages for Locales 21.6. Supported Regions for Locales 22. Zend_Log 22.1. 概述 22.1.1. 创建Log 22.1.2. 日志消息 22.1.3. 销毁Log 22.1.4. 使用内建的消息等级 22.1.5. 添加用户定义的日志等级 22.1.6. 理解日志事件 22.2. Writers 22.2.1. 写入到流(Streams) 22.2.2. 写入到数据库 22.2.3. 踩熄Writer 22.2.4. 测试 Mock 22.2.5. 组合Writers 22.3. Formatters 22.3.1. 简单格式化 22.3.2. 格式化到XML 22.4. 过滤器 22.4.1. 对所有Writer过滤 22.4.2. 过滤一个Writer实例 23. Zend_Mail 23.1. 简介 23.1.1. 起步 23.1.2. 配置缺省的 sendmail 传送器（transport） 23.2. 通过SMTP发送邮件 23.3. 通过一个SMTP连接发送多个邮 23.4. 使用不同的Transport对象 23.5. HTML邮件 23.6. 附件 23.7. 增加收件人 23.8. 控制MIME分界线 23.9. 外加邮件头信息 23.10. 字符集 23.11. 编码 23.12. SMTP 身份验证 23.13. Securing SMTP Transport 23.14. Reading Mail Messages 23.14.1. Simple example using Pop3 23.14.2. Opening a local storage 23.14.3. Opening a remote storage 23.14.4. Fetching messages and simple methods 23.14.5. Working with messages 23.14.6. Checking for flags 23.14.7. Using folders 23.14.8. Advanced Use 23.14.8.1. Using NOOP 23.14.8.2. Caching instances 23.14.8.3. Extending Protocol Classes 23.14.8.4. Using Quota (since 1.5) 24. Zend_Measure 24.1. Introduction 24.2. Creation of Measurements 24.2.1. Creating measurements from integers and floats 24.2.2. Creating measurements from strings 24.2.3. Measurements from localized strings 24.3. Outputting measurements 24.3.1. Automatic output 24.3.2. Outputting values 24.3.3. Output with unit of measurement 24.3.4. Output as localized string 24.4. Manipulating Measurements 24.4.1. Convert 24.4.2. Add and subtract 24.4.3. Compare 24.4.4. Compare 24.4.5. Manually change values 24.4.6. Manually change types 24.5. Types of measurements 24.5.1. Hints for Zend_Measure_Binary 24.5.2. Hints for Zend_Measure_Number 24.5.3. Roman numbers 25. Zend_Memory 25.1. 概述 25.1.1. 简介 25.1.2. 操作原理 25.1.2.1. 内存管理器 25.1.2.2. 内存容器 25.1.2.3. 锁定的内存 25.1.2.4. 可移动内存 25.2. 内存管理器 25.2.1. 创建一个内存管理器 25.2.2. 管理内存对象 25.2.2.1. 创建可移动的对象 25.2.2.2. 创建锁定的对象 25.2.2.3. 销毁对象 25.2.3. 内存管理器设置 25.2.3.1. 内存限制 25.2.3.2. MinSize 25.3. 内存对象 25.3.1. 可移动的 25.3.2. 锁定的 25.3.3. 内存容器 '值' 属性. 25.3.4. 内存容器接口 25.3.4.1. getRef() 方法 25.3.4.2. touch() 方法 25.3.4.3. lock() 方法 25.3.4.4. unlock() 方法 25.3.4.5. isLocked() 方法 26. Zend_Mime 26.1. Zend_Mime 26.1.1. 简介 26.1.2. 静态方法和常量 26.1.3. 实例化Zend_Mime 26.2. Zend_Mime_Message 26.2.1. 简介 26.2.2. 实例化 26.2.3. 增加MIME消息段 26.2.4. 分界线处理 26.2.5. 解析字符串，创建Zend_Mime_Message对象（实验性的） 26.3. Zend_Mime_Part 26.3.1. 简介 26.3.2. 实例化 26.3.3. 解析（rendering）消息段为字符串的方法 27. Zend_Pdf 27.1. 简介 27.2. 生成和加载 PDF 文档 27.3. 保存修改到 PDF 文档 27.4. 文档页面 27.4.1. 页面生成 27.4.2. 页面克隆 27.5. Drawing. 27.5.1. Geometry. 27.5.2. Colors. 27.5.3. Shape Drawing. 27.5.4. Text Drawing. 27.5.5. Using fonts. 27.5.6. Starting in 1.5, Extracting fonts. 27.5.7. Image Drawing. 27.5.8. Line drawing style. 27.5.9. Fill style. 27.5.10. Rotations. 27.5.11. Save/restore graphics state. 27.5.12. Clipping draw area. 27.5.13. Styles. 27.6. Zend_Pdf module usage example. 28. Zend_Registry 28.1. 使用对象注册表（Registry） 28.1.1. 设置Registry中的值 28.1.2. 获取Registry中的值 28.1.3. 创建一个Registry对象 28.1.4. 像访问数组一样访问Registry对象 28.1.5. 对象方式访问Registry 28.1.6. 查询一个索引是否存在 28.1.7. 扩展Registry对象 28.1.8. 删除静态注册表 29. Zend_Rest 29.1. Introduction 29.2. Zend_Rest_Client 29.2.1. Introduction 29.2.2. Responses 29.2.3. Request Arguments 29.3. Zend_Rest_Server 29.3.1. Introduction 29.3.2. REST Server Usage 29.3.3. Calling a Zend_Rest_Server Service 29.3.4. Sending A Custom Status 29.3.5. Returning Custom XML Responses 30. Zend_Search_Lucene 30.1. 概述 30.1.1. 简介 30.1.2. 文档和字段对象 30.1.3. 理解字段类型 30.2. 建立索引 30.2.1. 创建新索引 30.2.2. 更新索引 30.3. 搜索索引 30.3.1. 建立查询 30.3.2. 搜索结果 30.3.3. 结果评分 30.4. Query Language 30.4.1. Terms 30.4.2. Fields 30.4.3. Starting in 1.5, Wildcards 30.4.4. Term Modifiers 30.4.5. Starting in 1.5, Range Searches 30.4.6. Starting in 1.5, Fuzzy Searches 30.4.7. Proximity Searches 30.4.8. Boosting a Term 30.4.9. Boolean Operators 30.4.9.1. AND 30.4.9.2. OR 30.4.9.3. NOT 30.4.9.4. &&, ||, and ! operators 30.4.9.5. + 30.4.9.6. - 30.4.9.7. No Operator 30.4.10. Grouping 30.4.11. Field Grouping 30.4.12. Escaping Special Characters 30.5. 查询类型 30.5.1. 单项查询 30.5.2. 多项查询 30.5.3. 短语查询 30.6. 字符集 30.6.1. UTF-8 和单字节字符集支持 30.7. 扩展性 30.7.1. 文本分析 30.7.2. 评分算法 30.7.3. 存储容器 30.8. 与 Java Lucene 的互操作性 30.8.1. 文件格式 30.8.2. 索引目录 30.8.3. Java 源代码 30.9. Advanced 30.9.1. Using the index as static property 30.10. Best Practices 30.10.1. Field names 30.10.2. Indexing performance 30.10.3. Index during Shut Down 30.10.4. Retrieving documents by unique id 30.10.5. Memory Usage 30.10.6. Encoding 30.10.7. Index maintenance 31. Zend_Server 31.1. 简介 31.2. Zend_Server_Reflection 31.2.1. 简介 31.2.2. 用法 32. Zend_Service 32.1. 简介 32.2. Zend_Service_Akismet 32.2.1. Introduction 32.2.2. Verify an API key 32.2.3. Check for spam 32.2.4. Submitting known spam 32.2.5. Submitting false positives (ham) 32.2.6. Zend-specific Accessor Methods 32.3. Zend_Service_Amazon 32.3.1. Introduction 32.3.2. Country Codes 32.3.3. Looking up a Specific Amazon Item by ASIN 32.3.4. Performing Amazon Item Searches 32.3.5. Using the Alternative Query API 32.3.5.1. Introduction 32.3.6. Zend_Service_Amazon Classes 32.3.6.1. Zend_Service_Amazon_Item 32.3.6.1.1. Zend_Service_Amazon_Item::asXML() 32.3.6.1.2. Properties 32.3.6.2. Zend_Service_Amazon_Image 32.3.6.2.1. Properties 32.3.6.3. Zend_Service_Amazon_ResultSet 32.3.6.3.1. Zend_Service_Amazon_ResultSet::totalResults() 32.3.6.4. Zend_Service_Amazon_OfferSet 32.3.6.4.1. Properties 32.3.6.5. Zend_Service_Amazon_Offer 32.3.6.5.1. Zend_Service_Amazon_Offer Properties 32.3.6.6. Zend_Service_Amazon_SimilarProduct 32.3.6.6.1. Properties 32.3.6.7. Zend_Service_Amazon_Accessories 32.3.6.7.1. Properties 32.3.6.8. Zend_Service_Amazon_CustomerReview 32.3.6.8.1. Properties 32.3.6.9. Zend_Service_Amazon_EditorialReview 32.3.6.9.1. Properties 32.3.6.10. Zend_Service_Amazon_Listmania 32.3.6.10.1. Properties 32.4. Zend_Service_Audioscrobbler 32.4.1. Introduction to Searching Audioscrobbler 32.4.2. Users 32.4.3. Artists 32.4.4. Tracks 32.4.5. Tags 32.4.6. Groups 32.4.7. Forums 32.5. Zend_Service_Delicious 32.5.1. Introduction 32.5.2. Retrieving posts 32.5.3. Zend_Service_Delicious_PostList 32.5.4. Editing posts 32.5.5. Deleting posts 32.5.6. Adding new posts 32.5.7. Tags 32.5.8. Bundles 32.5.9. Public data 32.5.9.1. Public posts 32.5.10. HTTP client 32.6. Zend_Service_Flickr 32.6.1. 对Flickr搜索的介绍 32.6.2. 查找 Flickr 用户 32.6.3. 获得 Flickr 图像详细资料 32.6.4. Zend_Service_Flickr 类 32.6.4.1. Zend_Service_Flickr_ResultSet 32.6.4.1.1. 属性 32.6.4.1.2. Zend_Service_Flickr_ResultSet::totalResults() 32.6.4.2. Zend_Service_Flickr_Result 32.6.4.2.1. 属性 32.6.4.3. Zend_Service_Flickr_Image 32.6.4.3.1. 属性 32.7. Zend_Service_Simpy 32.7.1. Introduction 32.7.2. Links 32.7.3. Tags 32.7.4. Notes 32.7.5. Watchlists 32.8. Zend_Service_StrikeIron 32.8.1. Overview 32.8.2. Registering with StrikeIron 32.8.3. Getting Started 32.8.4. Making Your First Query 32.8.5. Examining Results 32.8.6. Handling Errors 32.8.7. Checking Your Subscription 32.9. Zend_Service_StrikeIron: Bundled Services 32.9.1. ZIP Code Information 32.9.2. U.S. Address Verification 32.9.3. Sales & Use Tax Basic 32.10. Zend_Service_StrikeIron: Advanced Uses 32.10.1. Using Services by WSDL 32.10.2. Viewing SOAP Transactions 32.11. Zend_Service_Yahoo 32.11.1. 简介 32.11.2. 用Yahoo!来搜索网页 32.11.3. 用Yahoo!来查找图片 32.11.4. Finding Local Businesses and Services with Yahoo! 32.11.5. 搜索Yahoo! 新闻 32.11.6. Zend_Service_Yahoo 类 32.11.6.1. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ResultSet 32.11.6.1.1. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ResultSet::totalResults() 32.11.6.1.2. Properties 32.11.6.2. Zend_Service_Yahoo_WebResultSet 32.11.6.3. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ImageResultSet 32.11.6.4. Zend_Service_Yahoo_LocalResultSet 32.11.6.5. Zend_Service_Yahoo_NewsResultSet 32.11.6.6. Zend_Service_Yahoo_Result 32.11.6.6.1. Properties 32.11.6.7. Zend_Service_Yahoo_WebResult 32.11.6.7.1. 属性 32.11.6.8. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ImageResult 32.11.6.8.1. 属性 32.11.6.9. Zend_Service_Yahoo_LocalResult 32.11.6.9.1. 属性 32.11.6.10. Zend_Service_Yahoo_NewsResult 32.11.6.10.1. 属性 32.11.6.11. Zend_Service_Yahoo_Image 32.11.6.11.1. Properties 33. Zend_Session 33.1. 简介 33.2. 基本用法 33.2.1. 实例教程 33.2.2. 迭代会话命名空间 33.2.3. 会话命名空间的访问器 33.3. 高级用法 33.3.1. 开启会话 33.3.2. 锁住会话命名空间 33.3.3. 命名空间过期 33.3.4. 会话封装和控制器 33.3.5. 防止每个命名空间有多重实例 33.3.6. 使用数组 33.3.7. 在对象中使用会话 33.3.8. 在单元测试中使用会话 33.4. 全局会话管理 33.4.1. 配置选项 33.4.2. 错误：Headers Already Sent 33.4.3. 会话标识符 33.4.3.1. 会话劫持和会话固定 33.4.4. rememberMe(integer $seconds) 33.4.5. forgetMe() 33.4.6. sessionExists() 33.4.7. destroy(bool $remove_cookie = true, bool $readonly = true) 33.4.8. stop() 33.4.9. writeClose($readonly = true) 33.4.10. expireSessionCookie() 33.4.11. setSaveHandler(Zend_Session_SaveHandler_Interface $interface) 33.4.12. namespaceIsset($namespace) 33.4.13. namespaceUnset($namespace) 33.4.14. namespaceGet($namespace) 33.4.15. getIterator() 34. Zend_Translate 34.1. 简介 34.1.1. 开始多语言化 34.2. Zend_Translate适配器 34.2.1. 如何判断使用哪种翻译适配器 34.2.1.1. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Array 34.2.1.2. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Csv 34.2.1.3. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Gettext 34.2.1.4. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Tbx 34.2.1.5. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Tmx 34.2.1.6. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Qt 34.2.1.7. Zend_Translate_Adapter_Xliff 34.2.1.8. Zend_Translate_Adapter_XmlTm 34.2.2. 集成编写自己的适配器 34.2.3. 加速所有的适配器 34.3. Using Translation Adapters 34.3.1. Translation Source Structures 34.3.2. Creating array source files 34.3.3. Creating Gettext Source Files 34.3.4. Creating TMX Source Files 34.3.5. Creating CSV Source Files 34.3.6. Options for adapters 34.3.7. Handling languages 34.3.7.1. Automatically handling of languages 34.3.8. Automatic source detection 34.3.8.1. Language through naming directories 34.3.8.2. Language through filenames 34.3.8.2.1. Complete Filename 34.3.8.2.2. Extension of the file 34.3.8.2.3. Filename tokens 34.3.9. Checking for translations 34.3.10. Access to the source data 35. Zend_Uri 35.1. Zend_Uri 35.1.1. 概述 35.1.2. 新建一个URI 35.1.3. 操作现有的URI 35.1.4. URI 验证 35.1.5. 公共实例方法 35.1.5.1. 取得URI的Schema 35.1.5.2. 取得整个URI 35.1.5.3. 验证URI 36. Zend_Validate 36.1. 简介 36.1.1. 什么是校验器（validator）? 36.1.2. 校验器的基本用法 36.1.3. 定制消息 36.1.4. 使用静态 is() 方法 36.2. 标准校验类 36.2.1. Alnum 36.2.2. Alpha 36.2.3. Barcode 36.2.4. Between 36.2.5. Ccnum 36.2.6. 日期 36.2.7. 数字 36.2.8. Email 地址 36.2.9. 浮点数 36.2.10. GreaterThan 36.2.11. 十六进制数 36.2.12. 主机名 36.2.13. InArray 36.2.14. 整数 36.2.15. Ip 36.2.16. LessThan 36.2.17. NotEmpty 36.2.18. Regex 36.2.19. StringLength 36.3. 校验器链 36.4. 编写校验器 37. Zend_Version 37.1. 读取Zend Framework的当前版本 38. Zend_View 38.1. 简介 38.1.1. 控制器脚本 38.1.2. 视图脚本 38.1.3. 选项 38.1.4. 实用访问器 38.2. 控制器脚本 38.2.1. 变量赋值 38.2.2. 调用视图脚本并打印输出 38.2.3. 视图脚本的路径 38.3. 视图脚本 38.3.1. 转义输出（Escaping Output） 38.3.2. 使用模板系统 38.3.2.1. 使用View脚本的模板系统 38.3.2.2. 通过Zend_View_Interface接口使用模板系统 38.4. 视图助手（View Helper） 38.4.1. 基本的助手 38.4.1.1. 动作视图助手 38.4.1.2. 区域助手（Partial Helper） 38.4.1.3. 占位符助手（Placeholder Helper） 38.4.1.3.1. 具体占位符实现 38.4.1.4. 文档类型助手（Doctype Helper） 38.4.1.5. HeadLink 助手 38.4.1.6. HeadMeta 助手 38.4.1.7. HeadScript 助手 38.4.1.8. HeadStyle 助手 38.4.1.9. HeadTitle 助手 38.4.1.10. InlineScript 助手 38.4.1.11. JSON 助手 38.4.1.12. 翻译助手 38.4.2. 助手的路径 38.4.3. 编写自定义的助手类 39. Zend_XmlRpc 39.1. 介绍 39.2. Zend_XmlRpc_Client 39.2.1. 介绍 39.2.2. 带参数 39.2.2.1. 以PHP本地变量的形式传递参数 39.2.2.2. 以Zend_XmlRpc_Value 对象的形式传递参数 39.2.2.3. 将一个XML字符串解析为XML-RPC参数 39.2.3. 参数类型提示 39.2.4. 获取响应 39.3. Zend_XmlRpc_Server 39.3.1. Introduction 39.3.2. Basic Usage 39.3.3. Server Structure 39.3.4. Conventions 39.3.5. Utilizing Namespaces 39.3.6. Custom Request Objects 39.3.7. Custom Responses 39.3.8. Handling Exceptions via Faults 39.3.9. Caching Server Definitions Between Requests 39.3.10. Usage Examples 39.3.10.1. Basic Usage 39.3.10.2. Attaching a class 39.3.10.3. Attaching several classes using namespaces 39.3.10.4. Specifying exceptions to use as valid fault responses 39.3.10.5. Utilizing a custom request object 39.3.10.6. Utilizing a custom response object 39.3.10.7. Cache server definitions between requests A. 系统需求 A.1. PHP 版本需求 A.2. PHP 扩展 A.3. Zend Framework 组件 B. Zend Framework PHP 编码标准 B.1. 绪论 B.1.1. 适用范围 B.1.2. 目标 B.2. PHP File 文件格式 B.2.1. 常规 B.2.2. 缩进 B.2.3. 行的最大长度 B.2.4. 行结束标志 B.3. 命名约定 B.3.1. 类 B.3.2. 接口 B.3.3. 文件名 B.3.4. 函数和方法 B.3.5. 变量 B.3.6. 常量 B.4. 编码风格 B.4.1. PHP 代码划分（Demarcation） B.4.2. 字符串 B.4.2.1. 字符串文字 B.4.2.2. 包含单引号（'）的字符串文字 B.4.2.3. 变量替换 B.4.2.4. 字符串连接 B.4.3. 数组 B.4.3.1. 数字索引数组 Numerically Indexed Arrays B.4.3.2. 关联数组 B.4.4. 类 B.4.4.1. 类的声明 B.4.4.2. 类成员变量 B.4.5. 函数和方法 B.4.5.1. 函数和方方声明 B.4.5.2. 函数和方法的用法 B.4.6. 控制语句 B.4.6.1. If / Else / Elseif B.4.6.2. Switch B.4.7. 注释文档 B.4.7.1. 格式 B.4.7.2. 文件 B.4.7.3. 类 B.4.7.4. 函数 C. 版权信息索引表格清单 2.1. 一个CMS范例的访问控制 3.1. 配置选项 4.1. 核心前端选项 4.2. 函数前端选项 4.3. Class frontend options 4.4. File frontend options 4.5. Page frontend options 4.6. 文件后端选项 4.7. Sqlite 后端选项 4.8. Memcached 后端选项 5.1. Zend_Config_Ini 构造器参数 8.1. 选择货币描述的常量 8.2. 选择货币位置的常量 9.1. Date Parts 9.2. Basic Operations 9.3. Date Comparison Methods 9.4. Date Output Methods 9.5. Date Output Methods 9.6. Miscellaneous Methods 9.7. Operations involving Zend_Date::HOUR 9.8. Day Constants 9.9. Week Constants 9.10. Month Constants 9.11. Year Constants 9.12. Time Constants 9.13. Timezone Constants 9.14. Date Format Constants (formats include timezone) 9.15. Date and Time Formats (format varies by locale) 9.16. Constants for ISO 8601 date output 9.17. Constants for PHP date output 9.18. Types of supported horizons for sunset and sunrise 17.1. Zend_Http_Client_Adapter_Socket configuration parameters 17.2. Zend_Http_Client configuration parameters 21.1. Details for getTranslationList($type = null, $locale = null, $value = null) 21.2. Details for getTranslation($value = null, $type = null, $locale = null) 21.3. Differences between ZF 1.0 and ZF 1.5 21.4. Format tokens for self generated number formats 21.5. List of supported numeral systems 21.6. Key values for getDate() with option 'fix_date' 21.7. Return values 21.8. Format definition 21.9. Example formats 21.10. List of all supported languages 21.11. List of all supported regions 23.1. Mail Read Feature Overview 23.2. Mail Folder Names 24.1. List of measurement types 30.1. Zend_Search_Lucene_Field 类型 32.1. Zend_Service_Amazon_Item Properties 32.2. Zend_Service_Amazon_Image Properties 32.3. Zend_Service_Amazon_OfferSet Properties 32.4. Properties 32.5. Zend_Service_Amazon_SimilarProduct Properties 32.6. Zend_Service_Amazon_Accessories Properties 32.7. Zend_Service_Amazon_CustomerReview Properties 32.8. Zend_Service_Amazon_EditorialReview Properties 32.9. Zend_Service_Amazon_Listmania Properties 32.10. Methods for retrieving public data 32.11. Methods of the Zend_Service_Delicious_SimplePost class 32.12. Zend_Service_Flickr_ResultSet 属性 32.13. Zend_Service_Flickr_Result 属性 32.14. Zend_Service_Flickr_Image 属性 32.15. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ResultSet 32.16. Zend_Service_Yahoo_LocalResultSet 属性 32.17. Zend_Service_Yahoo_Result Properties 32.18. Zend_Service_Yahoo_WebResult 属性 32.19. Zend_Service_Yahoo_ImageResult 属性 32.20. Zend_Service_Yahoo_LocalResult 属性 32.21. Zend_Service_Yahoo_NewsResult 属性 32.22. Zend_Service_Yahoo_Image Properties 34.1. Zend_Translate适配器 34.2. Options for Translation Adapters 39.1. PHP本地变量类型转化为XML-RPC类型 39.2. Zend_XmlRpc_Value 对象声明的XML-RPC类型 A.1. Zend Framework 使用的 PHP 扩展 A.2. Zend Framework 组件以及其使用到的 PHP 扩展范例清单 2.1. 角色之间的多重继承 3.1. 修改 Session 名字空间 3.2. 使用定制存储类 3.3. 基本用法 4.1. 调用 Zend_Cache::factory()取得一个前端 4.2. Caching a database query result 4.3. 用Zend_Cache 输出前端缓存输出 5.1. 使用 Zend_Config 本身 5.2. Using Zend_Config with a PHP Configuration File 5.3. 使用 Zend_Config_Ini 5.4. 使用Zend_Config_Xml 6.1. 使用短语法 6.2. 使用长语法 6.3. 捕捉 Getopt 异常 6.4. 使用 getOption() 6.5. 使用 __get() 和 __isset() 魔术方法 6.6. 使用 getRemainingArgs() 6.7. 使用 addRules() 6.8. 使用 setHelp() 6.9. 使用 setAliases() 6.10. 使用 addArguments() 和 setArguments() 6.11. 使用 setOption() 6.12. 使用 setOptions() 7.1. 如何处理不存在的动作 7.2. 用动作、控制器和模块名来添加一个任务 7.3. 使用请求对象添加一个任务 7.4. AutoCompletion with Dojo Using Zend MVC 7.5. 允许动作响应 Ajax 的请求 7.6. 设定选项 7.7. 使用默认设定 7.8. 使用goto()的_forward()API 7.9. 通过gotoRoute()使用路由组装(route assembly) 7.10. 基本用法 7.11. 禁用自动解析 7.12. 选择另外的视图脚本 7.13. 修改注册的视图Modifying the registered view 7.14. 修改路径规则 7.15. 一个动作中解析多个视图脚本 7.16. Standard usage 7.17. Setting a different error handler 7.18. Using accessors 8.1. 从实际地方创建 Zend_Currency 的实例 8.2. 创建 Zend_Currency 实例的其它例子 8.3. 为货币创建输出 8.4. 修改货币的显示格式 8.5. 从货币中获取信息 8.6. 设置新地方 8.7. 缓存货币 9.1. Setting a default timezone 9.2. Creating the current date 9.3. get() - output a date 9.4. set() - set a date 9.5. add() - adding dates 9.6. compare() - compare dates 9.7. equals() - identify a date or date part 9.8. User-specified input date format 9.9. Operating on Parts of Dates 9.10. Date creation by instance 9.11. Static date creation 9.12. Quick creation of dates from database date values 9.13. Convenient creation of dates from database date values 9.14. Date creation by array 9.15. Example usage for self-defined ISO formats 9.16. Example usage for self-defined formats with PHP specifier 9.17. Checking dates 9.18. Getting all available cities 9.19. Getting the location for a city 9.20. Calculating sun informations 9.21. Working with timezones 9.22. Multiple timezones 10.1. Creating a SQL statement object with query() 10.2. Using a SQL statement constructor 10.3. Executing a statement with positional parameters 10.4. Executing a statement with named parameters 10.5. Using fetch() in a loop 10.6. Using fetchAll() 10.7. Setting the fetch mode 10.8. Using fetchColumn() 10.9. Using fetchObject() 10.10. Fetching a Dependent Rowset 10.11. Fetching a Dependent Rowset By a Specific Rule 10.12. Fetching a Dependent Rowset using a Zend_Db_Table_Select 10.13. Fetching Dependent Rowsets using the Magic Method 10.14. Fetching the Parent Row 10.15. Fetching a Parent Row By a Specific Rule 10.16. Fetching the Parent Row using the Magic Method 10.17. Fetching a Rowset with the Many-to-many Method 10.18. Fetching a Rowset with the Many-to-many Method By a Specific Rule 10.19. Fetching Rowsets using the Magic Many-to-many Method 10.20. Example of a Cascading Delete 10.21. Example Declaration of Cascading Operations 11.1. dump()方法使用示例 12.1. 捕捉一个异常的例子 13.1. 用Zend_Feed来处理RSS Feed数据 13.2. Atom Feed的基本用法 13.3. 读取Atom Feed的单个条目 13.4. 用条目对象直接访问Atom Feed的单个条目 13.5. 修改一个已存在的条目 13.6. 用自定义的命名空间创建一个Atom条目元素 13.7. 用自定义的命名空间继承Atom条目类 14.1. Transforming CamelCaseText to another format 14.2. Setting Multiple Rules at Once 14.3. Using Zend_Config with Zend_Filter_Inflector 15.1. 定制标签 15.2. 为所有元素设置前缀路径 15.3. 为所有元素设置装饰器（Decorators） 15.4. 为所有元素设置过滤器 15.5. 为所有的显示组设置装饰器前缀路径 15.6. 为所有显示组设置装饰器 15.7. 注册表单示例 17.1. 执行一个基本的 GET 请求 17.2. 创建一个基本的Zend_Http_Client 17.3. 发送多条header信息 17.4. 发送请求到多个域名 17.5. 用Zend_Http_Client发送POST 数据 17.6. Forcing RFC 2616 Strict Redirections on 301 and 302 Responses 17.7. Setting Cookies Using setCookie() 17.8. Enabling Cookie Stickiness 17.9. Setting A Single Custom Request Header 17.10. Setting Multiple Custom Request Headers 17.11. Using setFileUpload to Upload Files 17.12. Sending Raw POST Data 17.13. Setting HTTP Authentication User and Password 17.14. Performing consecutive requests with one client 17.15. Changing the HTTPS transport layer 17.16. Using Zend_Http_Client behind a proxy server 17.17. Testing Against a Single HTTP Response Stub 17.18. Testing Against Multiple HTTP Response Stubs 17.19. Creating your own connection adapter 17.20. Instantiating a Zend_Http_Cookie object 17.21. Stringifying a Zend_Http_Cookie object 17.22. Using getter methods with Zend_Http_Cookie 17.23. Matching cookies 17.24. 处理HTTP应答 19.1. 传递选项给构造器或startMvc() 19.2. 使用setOption() 和 setConfig() 19.3. 使用访问器 19.4. 使用Zend_Layout访问器来修改变形器(inflector) 19.5. Zend_Layout 变形器的直接修改 19.6. 定制变形器（inflectors） 20.1. loadFile() 方法范例 20.2. Example of loadClass() method 20.3. isReadable()示例： 20.4. 注册 autoloader callback 方法范例 20.5. 从继承类注册 autoload callback 方法范例 21.1. Choosing a specific locale 21.2. Automatically selecting a locale 21.3. Using automatic locales 21.4. Handling locale exceptions 21.5. Setting a default locale 21.6. Dates default to correct locale of web users 21.7. Overriding default locale selection 21.8. Performance optimization when using a default locale 21.9. Dates default to correct locale of web users 21.10. Using STANDARD definitions for setOptions() 21.11. clone 21.12. Check for equal locales 21.13. Get default locales 21.14. setLocale 21.15. getLanguage and getRegion 21.16. getTranslationList 21.17. getTranslationList 21.18. Converting country name in one language to another 21.19. All available translations 21.20. All Languages written in their native language 21.21. getQuestion() 21.22. getLocaleList() 21.23. Number normalization 21.24. Number normalization with precision 21.25. Number localization 21.26. Number localization with precision 21.27. Using a self defined number format 21.28. Number testing 21.29. Floating point value normalization 21.30. Floating point value localization 21.31. Floating point value testing 21.32. Integer value normalization 21.33. Integer value localization 21.34. Integer value testing 21.35. Converting numerals from Eastern Arabic scripts to European/Latin scripts 21.36. Converting numerals from Latin script to Eastern Arabic script 21.37. Getting 4 letter CLDR script code using a native-language name of the script 21.38. Normalizing a date 21.39. Normalizing a date by locale 21.40. Normalizing a date with time 21.41. Normalizing a userdefined date 21.42. Automatic correction of input dates 21.43. Date testing 21.44. Normalize an unknown time 21.45. Testing a time 23.1. 使用Zend_Mail发送简单邮件 23.2. 传递另外的参数给 Zend_Mail_Transport_Sendmail 传送器 23.3. 通过 SMTP 发送邮件 23.4. 通过一个SMTP连接发送多个邮件 23.5. 手工控制传送器连接 23.6. 使用不同的Transport对象 23.7. 发送HTML邮件 23.8. 带附件的邮件 23.9. 更改MIME分界线 23.10. 外加邮件头信息 23.11. 在 Zend_Mail_Transport_Smtp 中使用身份验证 23.12. Enabling a secure connection within Zend_Mail_Transport_Smtp 24.1. Converting measurements 24.2. The meter measurement 24.3. Creation using integer and floating values 24.4. Creation using strings 24.5. Arbitrary text input containing measurements 24.6. Localized string 24.7. Automatic output 24.8. Output a value 24.9. Outputting units 24.10. Convert 24.11. Adding units 24.12. Subtract 24.13. Different measurements 24.14. Identical measurements 24.15. Difference 24.16. Changing a value 24.17. Changing the type 25.1. 使用 Zend_Memory 组件 27.1. 生成新的或加载 PDF 文档 27.2. 请求 PDF 文档的指定版本 27.3. Save PDF document. 27.4. PDF 文档页面管理 27.5. Cloning existing page. 27.6. Draw a string on the page. 27.7. Draw a UTF-8-encoded string on the page. 27.8. Create a standard font. 27.9. Create a TrueType font. 27.10. Create a TrueType font, but do not embed it in the PDF document. 27.11. Do not throw an exception for fonts that cannot be embeded. 27.12. Do not compress an embedded font. 27.13. Combining font embedding options. 27.14. Extracting fonts from a loaded document. 27.15. Extracting font from a loaded document by specifying font name. 27.16. Image drawing. 27.17. Zend_Pdf module usage demo. 28.1. set() 使用示例： 28.2. get() 方法示例： 28.3. 迭代一个registry对象： 28.4. 创建一个registry对象 28.5. Example of initializing the static registry 28.6. array 方式访问示例： 28.7. 对象形式的访问： 28.8. isRegistered() 示例： 28.9. isset() 示例： 28.10. 指定静态注册表的类名： 28.11. _unsetInstance() 示例： 29.1. A basic REST request 29.2. Response Status 29.3. Using Technorati's Rest Service 29.4. Example Technorati Response 29.5. Setting Request Arguments 29.6. Basic Zend_Rest_Server Usage - Classes 29.7. Basic Zend_Rest_Server Usage - Functions 29.8. Returning Custom Status 29.9. Return Custom XML 30.1. 自定义文本分析程序 32.1. isSpam() Usage 32.2. submitSpam() Usage 32.3. submitHam() Usage 32.4. Search Amazon Using the Traditional API 32.5. Search Amazon Using the Query API 32.6. Choosing an Amazon Web Service Country 32.7. Looking up a Specific Amazon Item by ASIN 32.8. Performing Amazon Item Searches 32.9. Using the ResponseGroup Option 32.10. Search Amazon Using the Alternative Query API 32.11. Retrieving User Profile Information 32.12. Retrieving a User's Weekly Artist Chart 32.13. Retrieving Related Artists 32.14. Get all posts 32.15. Accessing post lists 32.16. Filtering a Post List with Specific Tags 32.17. Filtering a Post List by URL 32.18. Post editing 32.19. Method call chaining 32.20. Deleting posts 32.21. Adding a post 32.22. Tags 32.23. Bundles 32.24. Retrieving public data 32.25. Changing the HTTP client of Zend_Rest_Client 32.26. Configuring your HTTP client to keep connections alive 32.27. 简单的 Flickr 照片搜索 32.28. 用email地址来查找Flickr用户 32.29. 获得 Flickr 图像详细资料 32.30. Querying Links 32.31. Modifying Links 32.32. Working With Tags 32.33. Working With Notes 32.34. Retrieving Watchlists 32.35. 用Yahoo!来搜索网页 32.36. 用Yahoo!来查找图片 32.37. 用Yahoo!查找本地商务和服务信息 32.38. 搜索Yahoo! 新闻 33.1. 页面浏览计数 33.2. 新方法：使用命名空间避免冲突 33.3. 老方法: PHP会话访问 33.4. 会话迭代 33.5. 访问会话数据 33.6. 开启全局会话 33.7. 锁住会话命名空间 33.8. 过期的例子 33.9. 带有生命期的控制器命名空间会话 33.10. 限制命名空间访问单一实例 33.11. 修改带有会话命名空间的数组数据 33.12. 在会话存储之前构造数组 33.13. 方案：重新分配一个被修改的数组 33.14. 方案：存储包括引用的数组 33.15. PHPUnit Testing Code Dependent on Zend_Session 33.16. 使用Zend_Config配置Zend_Session 33.17. 会话固定 34.1. Example of single-language PHP code 34.2. Example of multi-lingual PHP code 34.3. Example TMX file 34.4. Example CSV file 34.5. Example CSV file two 34.6. Using translation options 34.7. Handling languages with adapters 34.8. How automatically language detection works 34.9. Scanning a directory structure for sources 34.10. Directory scanning for languages 34.11. Filename scanning for languages 34.12. Checking if a text is translatable 34.13. Handling languages with adapters 35.1. 使用Zend_Uri::factory()创建一个新的URI 35.2. 使用Zend_Uri::factory()操作一个现有的URI 35.3. 使用Zend_Uri::check()进行URI 验证 35.4. 从Zend_Uri_* 对象取得模式 35.5. 从一个Zend_Uri_* 对象取得整个URI 35.6. 验证一个 Zend_Uri_* 对象 36.1. 创建简单校验类 36.2. 编写有独立条件的校验类 36.3. 带有独立条件、多重失败原因的校验 37.1. compareVersion()方法示例： 38.1. 动作视图助手的基本用法 38.2. Partials 的基本用法 38.3. 使用 PartialLoop 来解析可迭代的（Iterable）的模型 38.4. 在其它模块中解析 Partials 38.5. 占位符的基本用法 38.6. 用占位符来聚合内容 38.7. 使用占位符（Placeholders）来抓取内容 38.8. Doctype 助手的基本用法 38.9. 获取 Doctype 38.10. HeadLink 助手的基本用法 38.11. HeadMeta 助手基本用法 38.12. HeadScript 助手基本用法 38.13. Capturing Scripts Using the HeadScript Helper 38.14. HeadStyle 助手的基本用法 38.15. 用 HeadStyle 助手抓取样式声明 38.16. HeadTitle 助手基本用法 38.17. 已注册的实例 38.18. 在视图里 38.19. 直接用法 38.20. 单个参数 38.21. 参数列表 38.22. 参数数组 38.23. 动态修改地点（locale） 38.24. 静态修改地点（locale） 38.25. 获得当前设置的地点 39.1. 一个基本的XML-RPC请求 39.2. 用类型提示来调用一个XML-RPC服务

Acknowledgments xiii Introduction xv 1. Making Games the Modular Way 1 1.1 Important Programming Concepts.....................................2 1.1.1 Manager and Controller Scripts...............................2 1.1.2 Script Communication.......................................3 1.1.3 Using the Singleton Pattern in Unity...........................5 1.1.4 Inheritance.................................................6 1.1.5 Where to Now?.............................................8 2. Building the Core Game Framework 9 2.1 Controllers and Managers............................................11 2.1.1 Controllers................................................11 2.1.2 Managers.................................................11 2.2 Building the Core Framework Scripts..................................11 2.2.1 BaseGameController.cs.....................................12 2.2.1.1 Script Breakdown................................14 viii Contents 2.2.2 Scene Manager.............................................17 2.2.2.1 Script Breakdown................................17 2.2.3 ExtendedCustomMonoBehavior.cs...........................19 2.2.4 BaseUserManager.cs........................................20 2.2.4.1 Script Breakdown................................22 2.2.5 BasePlayerManager.cs.......................................22 2.2.5.1 Script Breakdown................................23 2.2.6 BaseInputController.cs......................................24 2.2.6.1 Script Breakdown................................26 3. Player Structure 29 3.1 Game-Specific Player Controller......................................31 3.2 Dealing with Input..................................................32 3.3 Player Manager.....................................................35 3.3.1 Script Breakdown..........................................36 3.4 User Data Manager (Dealing with Player Stats Such as Health, Lives, etc.)....37 3.4.1 Script Breakdown..........................................39 4. Recipes: Common Components 41 4.1 Introduction.......................................................41 4.2 The Timer Class....................................................43 4.2.1 Script Breakdown..........................................45 4.3 Spawn Scripts......................................................48 4.3.1 A Simple Spawn Controller..................................49 4.3.1.1 Script Breakdown................................52 4.3.2 Trigger Spawner...........................................56 4.3.3 Path Spawner..............................................57 4.3.3.1 Script Breakdown................................61 4.4 Set Gravity.........................................................66 4.5 Pretend Friction—Friction Simulation to Prevent Slipping Around........66 4.5.1 Script Breakdown..........................................68 4.6 Cameras. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 4.6.1 Third-Person Camera.......................................69 4.6.1.1 Script Breakdown................................71 4.6.2 Top-Down Camera.........................................74 4.6.2.1 Script Breakdown................................74 4.7 Input Scripts.......................................................75 4.7.1 Mouse Input...............................................75 4.7.1.1 Script Breakdown................................76 4.7.2 Single Axis Keyboard Input.................................78 4.8 Automatic Self-Destruction Script.....................................79 4.8.1 Script Breakdown..........................................79 4.9 Automatic Object Spinner............................................79 4.9.1 Script Breakdown..........................................80 ix Contents 4.10 Scene Manager.....................................................81 4.10.1 Script Breakdown..........................................82 5. Building Player Movement Controllers 85 5.1 Shoot ’Em Up Spaceship.............................................85 5.2 Humanoid Character................................................91 5.2.1 Script Breakdown..........................................96 5.3 Wheeled Vehicle...................................................106 5.3.1 Script Breakdown.........................................109 5.3.2 Wheel Alignment.........................................114 5.3.3 Script Breakdown.........................................116 6. Weapon Systems 121 6.1 Building the Scripts................................................122 6.1.1 BaseWeaponController.cs..................................122 6.1.1.1 Script Breakdown...............................127 6.1.2 BaseWeaponScript.cs......................................134 6.1.2.1 Script Breakdown...............................138 7. Recipe: Waypoints Manager 143 7.1 Waypoint System..................................................143 8. Recipe: Sound Manager 157 8.1 The Sound Controller...............................................158 8.1.1 Script Breakdown.........................................160 8.2 The Music Player...................................................163 8.2.1 Script Breakdown.........................................165 8.3 Adding Sound to the Weapons.......................................167 9. AI Manager 169 9.1 The AI State Control Script..........................................171 9.2 The Base AI Control Script. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172 9.2.1 Script Breakdown.........................................185 9.3 Adding Weapon Control to the AI Controller..........................206 9.3.1 Script Breakdown.........................................210 10. Menus and User Interface 215 10.1 The Main Menu....................................................215 10.1.1 Script Breakdown.........................................223 10.2 In-Game User Interface.............................................231 x Contents 11. Dish: Lazer Blast Survival 233 11.1 Main Menu Scene..................................................235 11.2 Main Game Scene..................................................236 11.3 Prefabs...........................................................237 11.4 Ingredients........................................................238 11.5 Game Controller...................................................239 11.5.1 Script Breakdown.........................................243 11.6 Player Controller...................................................250 11.6.1 Script Breakdown.........................................253 11.7 Enemies..........................................................259 11.7.1 Script Breakdown.........................................260 11.8 Wave Spawning and Control........................................261 11.8.1 Script Breakdown.........................................263 11.9 Wave Properties...................................................265 11.10 Weapons and Projectiles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..266 11.11 User Interface.....................................................266 11.11.1 Script Breakdown.........................................267 12. Dish: Metal Vehicle Doom 271 12.1 Main Menu Scene..................................................272 12.2 Main Game Scene..................................................272 12.2.1 Prefabs...................................................275 12.3 Ingredients........................................................275 12.3.1 Game Controller..........................................276 12.3.1.1 Script Breakdown...............................282 12.3.2 Race Controller...........................................291 12.3.2.1 Script Breakdown...............................297 12.3.3 Global Race Manager......................................306 12.3.3.1 Script Breakdown...............................311 12.3.4 Vehicle/Custom Player Control.............................318 12.3.4.1 Script Breakdown...............................327 12.3.5 User Interface.............................................344 13. Dish: Making the Game Tank Battle 345 13.1 Main Game Scene..................................................347 13.2 Prefabs...........................................................349 13.3 Ingredients........................................................349 13.4 Game Controller...................................................350 13.4.1 Script Breakdown.........................................356 13.5 Battle Controller...................................................361 13.5.1 Script Breakdown.........................................363 13.6 Global Battle Manager..............................................364 13.6.1 Script Breakdown.........................................368 13.7 Players............................................................373 13.7.1 Script Breakdown.........................................382 xi Contents 13.8 AI Chasing with SetAIChaseTargetBasedOnTag.cs.....................383 13.8.1 Script Breakdown.........................................385 14. Dish: Making the Game Interstellar Paranoids 389 14.1 Main Menu.......................................................392 14.2 Game Scenes......................................................392 14.3 Prefabs...........................................................393 14.3.1 Ingredients...............................................394 14.3.2 Game Controller..........................................395 14.3.2.1 Script Breakdown...............................401 14.3.3 Player Spaceship..........................................411 14.3.3.1 Script Breakdown...............................415 14.3.4 Enemies..................................................423 14.3.4.1 Script Breakdown...............................424 14.3.5 Waypoint Follower........................................426 14.3.5.1 Script Breakdown...............................427 Final Note 429 xiii I would like to thank my wife for all the encouragement, support, and nice cups of tea. I would also like to thank my mum and dad, my brother Steve, and everyone else who knows me. Sophie cat, be nice to the boys. Sincere thanks go to the many people who positively influence my life directly or indirectly: Michelle Ashton, Brian Robbins, George Bray, Nadeem Rasool, Christian Boutin, James and Anna, Rich and Sharon, Liz and Peter, Rob Fearon (the curator of all things shiny), everyone on Twitter who RTs my babble (you know who you are, guys!), Matthew Smith (the creator of Manic Miner), David Braben, Tōru Iwatani, and anyone who made Atari games in the 1980s. I would like to thank everyone at AK Peters/CRC Press for the help and support and for publishing my work. Finally, a massive thank you goes out to you for buying this book and for wanting to do something as cool as to make games. I sincerely hope this book helps your gamemaking adventures—feel free to tell me about them on Twitter @psychicparrot or drop by my website at http://www.psychicparrot.com. Acknowledgments xv As I was starting out as a game developer, as a self-taught programmer my skills took a while to reach a level where I could achieve what I wanted. Sometimes I wanted to do things that I just didn’t have yet the technical skills to achieve. Now and again, software packages came along that could either help me in my quest to make games or even make full games for me; complete game systems such as the Shoot ’Em-Up Construction Kit (aka SEUCK) from Sensible Software, Gary Kitchen’s GameMaker, or The Quill Adventure System could bring to life the kinds of games that went way beyond anything that my limited programming skills could ever dream of building. The downside to using game creation software was that it was tailored to create games within their chosen specific genre. If I wanted to do something outside of the limitations of the software, the source code was inaccessible and there was no way to extend or modify it. When that happened, I longed for a modular code-based system that I could plug together to create different types of games but modify parts of it without having to spend a lot of time learning how the entire system internals work—building block game development that I could actually script and modify if I needed to. After completing my first book, Game Development for iOS with Unity3D, I wanted to follow up by applying a modular style of game building to Unity3D that would provide readers with a highly flexible framework to create just about any kind of game by “plugging in” the different script components. My intention was to make a more technical second book, based on C# programming, that would offer extensibility in any direction a developer might require. In essence, what you are holding in your hands right now is a cookbook Introduction xvi Introduction for game development that has a highly flexible core framework for just about any type of game. A lot of the work I put in at the start of writing this book was in designing a framework that not only made sense in the context of Unity but also could easily cope with the demands of different genres. Prerequisites You can get up and running with the required software for the grand total of zero dollars. Everything you need can be downloaded free of charge with no catches. You may want to consider an upgrade to Unity Pro at some point in the future, to take advantage of some of its advanced features, but to get started all you need to do is grab the free version from the Unity website. Unity Free or Unity Pro (available from the Unity store at http://www.unity3d.com) Unity Free is completely free for anyone or any company making less than $100,000 per year—it may be downloaded for no charge at all, and you don’t even need a credit card. It’s a really sweet deal! We are talking about a fully functional game engine, ready to make 3D or 2D games that may be sold commercially or otherwise. There are no royalties to pay, either. Unity Pro adds a whole host of professional functionality to the engine, such as render culling and profiling. If you are a company with more than $100,000 per year of turnover, you will need a Pro license, but if you find that Unity Free doesn’t pack quite enough power, you may also want to consider going Pro. You can arrange a free trial of the Pro version right from the Unity website to try before you buy. If the trial licence runs out before you feel you know enough to make a purchase, contact Unity about extending it and they are usually very friendly and helpful about it (just don’t try using a trial license for 6 months at a time, as they may just figure it out!). C# programming knowledge Again, to reiterate this very important point, this is nota book about learning how to program. You will need to know some C#, and there are a number of other books out there for that purpose, even if I have tried to make the examples as simple as possible! This book is about making games, not about learning to program. What This Book Doesn’t Cover This is not a book about programming and it is not a book about the right or wrong way to do things. We assume that the reader has some experience with the C# programming language. I am a self-taught programmer, and I understand that there may well be better ways to do things. xvii Introduction This is a book about concepts, and it is inevitable that there will be better methods for achieving some of the same goals. The techniques and concepts offered in this book are meant to provide solid foundation, not to be the final word on any subject. It is the author’s intention that, as you gain your own experiences in game development, you make your own rules and draw your own conclusions. Additional material is available from the CRC Press Web site: http://www.crcpress. com/product/isbn/9781466581401. 1 1 Making Games the Modular Way When I first started making games, I would approach development on a project-to-project basis, recoding and rebuilding everything from scratch each time. As I became a professional developer, landing a job at a game development studio making browser-based games, I was lucky enough to work with a guy who was innovating the scene. He was a master at turning out great games (both visually and gameplay-wise) very quickly. One secret to his success lay in the development of a reusable framework that could easily be refactored to use on all of his projects. His framework was set up to deal with server communication, input handling, browser communication, and UI among other things, saving an incredible amount of time in putting together all of the essentials. By reusing the framework, it allowed more time for him and his team to concentrate on great gameplay and graphics optimization, resulting in games that, at the time, blew the competition away. Of course, the structure was tailored to how he worked (he did build it, after all), and it took me a while to get to grips with his style of development; but once I did, it really opened my eyes. From then on, I used the framework for every project and even taught other programmers how to go about using it. Development time was substantially reduced, which left more time to concentrate on making better games. This book is based on a similar concept of a game-centric framework for use with many different types of games, rather than a set of different games in different styles. The overall goal of this book is to provide script-based components that you can use within that framework to make a head start with your own projects in a way that reduces recoding, repurposing, or adaptation time. 2 1. Making Games the Modular Way In terms of this book as a cookbook, think of the framework as a base soup and the scripting components as ingredients. We can mix and match script components from different games that use the same framework to make new games, and we can share several of the same core scripts in many different games. The framework takes care of the essentials, and we add a little “glue” code to pull everything together the way we want it all to work. This framework is, of course, optional, but you should spend some time familiarizing yourself with it to help understand the book. If you intend to use the components in this book for your own games, the framework may serve either as a base to build your games on or simply as a tutorial test bed for you to rip apart and see how things work. Perhaps you can develop a better framework or maybe you already have a solid framework in place. If you do, find a way to develop a cleaner, more efficient framework or even a framework that isn’t quite so efficient but works better with your own code, and do it. In this chapter, we start by examining some of the major programming concepts used in this book and look at how they affect the design decisions of the framework. 1.1 Important Programming Concepts I had been programming in C# for a fairly long time before I actually sat down and figured out some of the concepts covered in this chapter. It was not because of any particular problem or difficulty with the concepts themselves but more because I had solved the problems in a different way that meant I had no real requirement to learn anything new. For most programmers, these concepts will be second nature and perhaps something taught in school, but I did not know how important they could be. I had heard about things like inheritance, and it was something I put in the to-do list, buried somewhere under “finish the project.” Once I took the time to figure them out, they saved me a lot of time and led to much cleaner code than I would have previously pulled together. If there’s something you are unsure about, give this chapter a read-through and see whether you can work through the ideas. Hopefully, they may save some of you some time in the long run. 1.1.1 Manager and Controller Scripts I am a strong believer in manager and controller scripts. I like to try and split things out into separate areas; for example, in the Metal Vehicle Doomgame, I have race controller scripts and a global race controller script. The race controller scripts are attached to the players and track their positions on the track, waypoints, and other relevant player-specific race information. The global race controller script talks to all the race controller scripts attached to the players to determine who is winning and when the race starts or finishes. By keeping this logic separate from the other game scripts and contained in their own controller scripts, it makes it easier to migrate them from project to project. Essentially, I can take the race controller and global race controller scripts out of the game and apply them to another game, perhaps one that features a completely different type of gameplay— for example, alien characters running around a track instead of cars. As long as I apply the correct control scripts, the race logic is in place, and I can access it in the new game. In the framework that this book contains, there are individual manager and controller scripts dealing with user data, input, game functions, and user interface. We look at those in detail in Chapter 2, but as you read this chapter, you should keep in mind the idea of separated scripts dedicated to managing particular parts of the game structure. It was 3 1.1 Important Programming Concepts important to me to design scripts as standalone so that they may be used in more than one situation. For example, our weapon slot manager will not care what kind of weapon is in any of the slots. The weapon slot manager is merely an interface between the player and the weapon, taking a call to “fire” and responding to it by telling the weapon in the currently selected weapon slot to fire. What happens on the player end will not affect the slot manager just as anything that happens with the weapon itself will not affect the slot manager. It just doesn’t care as long as your code talks to it in the proper way and as long as your weapons receive commands in the proper way. It doesn’t even matter what type of object the slot manager is attached to. If you decide to attach the weapon slot manager to a car, a boat, a telegraph pole, etc., it doesn’t really matter just as long as when you want them to fire, you use the correct function in the slot manager to get it to tell a weapon to fire. Since our core game logic is controlled by manager and controller scripts, we need to be a little smart about how we piece everything together. Some manager scripts may benefit from being static and available globally (for all other scripts to access), whereas others may be better attached to other scripts. We deal with these on a case-by-case basis. To get things started, we will be looking at some of the ways that these manager scripts can communicate with each other. As a final note for the topic in this section, you may be wondering what the difference is between managers and controllers. There really isn’t all that much, and I have only chosen to differentiate for my own sanity. I see controllers as scripts that are larger global systems, such as game state control, and managers as smaller scripts applied to gameObjects, such as weapon slot management or physics control. The terms are applied loosely, so don’t worry if there appear to be inconsistencies in the application of the term in one case versus another. I’ll try my best to keep things logical, but that doesn’t mean it’ll always make sense to everyone else! 1.1.2 Script Communication An important part of our manager- and component-based structures is how our scripts are going to communicate with each other. It is inevitable that we will need to access our scripts from a multitude of other areas of the game, which means we should try to provide interfaces that make the most sense. There are several different ways of communicating between scripts and objects in Unity: 1. Direct referencing manager scripts via variables set in the editor by the Inspector window. The easiest way to have your scripts talk to each other is to have direct references to them in the form of public variables within a class. They are populated in the Unity editor with a direct link to another script. Here is an example of direct referencing: public void aScript otherScript; In the editor window, the Inspector shows the otherScript field. We drag and drop an object containing the script component that we want to talk to. Within the class, function calls are made directly on the variable, such as otherScript.DoSomething(); 4 1. Making Games the Modular Way 2. GameObject referencing using SendMessage. SendMessage is a great way to send a message to a gameObject and call a function in one of its attached scripts or components when we do not need any kind of return result. For example, SomeGameObject.SendMessage("DoSomething"); SendMessage may also take several parameters, such as setting whether or not the engine should throw an error when there is no receiver, that is, no function in any script attached to the gameObject with a name matching the one in the SendMessage call. (SendMessageOptions). You can also pass one parameter into the chosen function just as if you were passing it via a regular function call such as SomeGameObject.SendMessage("AddScore",2); SomeGameObject.SendMessage("AddScore", SendMessageOptions.RequireReceiver); SomeGameObject.SendMessage("AddScore", SendMessageOptions.DontRequireReceiver); 3. Static variables. The static variable type is useful in that it extends across the entire system; it will be accessible in every other script. This is a particularly useful behavior for a game control script, where several different scripts may want to communicate with it to do things such as add to the player’s score, lose a life, or perhaps change a level. An example declaration of a static variable might be private static GameController aController; Although static variables extend across the entire program, you can have private and public static variables. Things get a little tricky when you try to understand the differences between public and private static types—I was glad to have friends on Twitter that could explain it all to me, so let me pass on what I was told: Public static A public static variable exists everywhere in the system and may be accessed from other classes and other types of script. Imagine a situation where a player control script needs to tell the game controller script whenever a player picks up a banana. We could deal with it like this: 1. In our gamecontroller.cs game controller script, we set up a public static: public static GameController gateway; 2. When the game controller (gamecontroller.cs) runs its Start() function, it stores a reference to itself in a public static variable like this: gateway = this; 3. In any other class, we can now access the game controller by referring to its type followed by that static variable (GameController.gateway) such as GameController.gateway.GotBanana(); 5 1.1 Important Programming Concepts Private static A private static variable exists within the class it was declared and in any other instances of the same class. Other classes/types of script will not be able to access it. As a working example, try to imagine that a script named player.cs directly controls player objects in your game. They all need to tell a player manager script when something happens, so we declare the player manager as a static variable in our player.cs script like this: private static PlayerManager playerManager; The playerManager object only needs to be set up once, by a single instance of the player class, to be ready to use for all the other instances of the same class. All player.cs scripts will be able to access the same instance of the PlayerManager. 4. The singleton design pattern. In the previous part of this section, we looked at using a static variable to share a manager script across the entire game code. The biggest danger with this method is that it is possible to create multiple instances of the same script. If this happens, you may find that your player code is talking to the wrong instance of the game controller. A singletonis a commonly used design pattern that allows for only one instance of a particular class to be instantiated at a time. This pattern is ideal for our game scripts that may need to communicate (or be communicated with) across the entire game code. Note that we will be providing a static reference to the script, exactly as we did in the “Static Variables” method earlier in this section, but in implementing a singleton class, we will be adding some extra code to make sure that only one instance of our script is ever created. 1.1.3 Using the Singleton Pattern in Unity It is not too difficult to see how useful static variables can be in communication between different script objects. In the public static example cited earlier, the idea was that we had a game controller object that needed to be accessed from one or more other scripts in our game. The method shown here was demonstrated on the Unity public wiki*by a user named Emil Johansen (AngryAnt). It uses a private static variable in conjunction with a public static function. Other scripts access the public function to gain access to the private static instance of this script, which is returned via the public function so that only one instance of the object will ever exist in a scene regardless of how many components it is attached to and regardless of how many times it is instantiated. A simple singleton structure: public class MySingleton { private static MySingleton instance; public MySingleton () *http://wiki.unity3d.com/index.php/Singleton. 6 1. Making Games the Modular Way { if (instance != null) { Debug.LogError ("Cannot have two instances of singleton."); return; } instance = this; } public static MySingleton Instance { get { if (instance == null) { new MySingleton (); } return instance; } } } The singleton instance of our script may be accessed anywhere, by any script, simply with the following syntax: MySingleton.Instance.MySingletonMember; 1.1.4 Inheritance Inheritanceis a complex concept, which demands some explanation here because of its key role within the scripts provided in this book. Have a read through this section, but don’t worry if you don’t pick up inheritance right away. Once we get to the programming, it will most likely become clear. The bottom line is that inheritance is used in programming to describe a method of providing template scripts that may be overridden, or added to, by other scripts. As a metaphor, imagine a car. All cars have four wheels and an engine. The types of wheels may vary from car to car, as will the engine, so when we say “this is a car” and try to describe how our car behaves, we may also describe the engine and wheels. These relationships may be shown in a hierarchical order: Car -Wheels -Engine Now try to picture this as a C# script: Car class Wheels function Engine function 7 1.1 Important Programming Concepts

9.3.1 Monitoring and Fixing Errors ...............................350 9.3.2 Alex King’s 404 Notifier Plugin .....................................................351 9.3.3 Broken Link Checker Plugin ........................................................351 9.3.4 Other Error-Logging Techniques .................................................352 9.3.5 Online Monitoring Services ........................................................352 9.4.1 Staying Current with WordPress .........................355 9.4.2 Updating WordPress .................................................................355 9.4.3 Logging Changes ....................................................................356 9.4.4 Backing Up Your Database and Files ..............................................357 9.5.1 Optimizing WordPress ...........................................358 9.5.2 Content and File Caching ..........................................................359 9.5.3 File Compression Methods ........................................................360 9.5.4 Optimizing CSS and JavaScript ...................................................362 9.5.5 Reducing the Number of HTTP Requests .......................................363 9.5.6 Plugin Maintenance .................................................................368 9.5.7 Database Maintenance ..............................................................369 9.5.8 Other Optimization Techniques ..................................................368 Contents 1 Welcome to WordPress 1.1.1 Welcome ........................................................................9 1.1.2 Why WordPress is Amazing ............................................................9 1.1.3. How to Setup and Configure WordPress .........................................10 1.1.4 How to Implement Advanced Functionality .....................................10 1.1.5 How to Optimize and Secure WordPress .........................................10 1.1.6 How to Maintain Your WordPress Site .............................................11 1.1.7 Don’t Worry ..............................................................................12 1.2.1 So, You’ve Never Heard of WordPress ..................12 1.2.2 One Template, Many Pages ..........................................................13 1.2.3 Powerful, Flexible and Extensible ...................................................14 1.3.1 Key Components of a WordPress Site ..................15 1.3.2 WordPress Core Files ..................................................................15 1.3.3 The WordPress Database .............................................................15 1.3.4 The Back End ............................................................................17 1.3.5 The Front End ...........................................................................17 1.4.1 Tools of the Trade ......................................................18 1.4.2 A Domain Name ........................................................................18 1.4.3 Web Host / Server ......................................................................18 1.4.4 Text / Code Editor ......................................................................19 1.4.5 FTP Program .............................................................................19 2 Setting Up WordPress 2.1.1 The Famous Five Minute Install .............................23 2.1.2 Where To Install? .......................................................................23 2.1.3 Checking Default Performance .....................................................24 2.2.1 OK, I’m In. Now What? .............................................25 2.2.2 Just Publish Something! .............................................................25 2.2.3 Go Look At It! ...........................................................................25 2.2.4 The Plan ..................................................................................26 2.3.1 Permalinks: Your URL Structure ............................26 2.3.2 HTAccess .................................................................................27 2.3.3 Which Style of Permalinks? ..........................................................28 2.3.4 Pick One and Stick With It ...........................................................29 2.3.5 SEO Consideration: Mind Your Post “Slugs” ......................................29 2.4.1 Categories and Tags .................................................30 2.4.2 They Are Basically the Same ........................................................32 2.4.3 Use Only One Category Per Post ...................................................32 2.4.4 Use Multiple Tags Per Post ..........................................................33 2.4.5 Don’t Go Overboard! ..................................................................33 2.4.6 You Don’t Need to Use Them At All ...............................................34 2.4.7 Custom Taxonomies ..................................................................34 2.5.1 Users and Administrators ........................................37 2.5.2 Add a New Account for Yourself ...................................................39 2.6.1 Choosing the Perfect Theme .................................40 2.6.2 Where to Find Awesome Themes..................................................40 2.6.3 Previewing Themes ...................................................................41 2.6.4 Key Things to Look For in a Theme ...............................................41 2.7.1 Getting Started with Plugins ...................................44 2.7.2 Installing and Activating Plugins ....................................................44 2.7.3 Difference Between Disabling and Uninstalling .................................45 2.7.4 Recommended Plugins ...............................................................46 3 Anatomy of a WordPress Theme 3.1.1 Understanding Theme Files ....................................51 3.1.2 Every Theme is Different .............................................................51 3.1.3 Commonly Used Theme Files .......................................................53 3.1.4 How Theme Files Work Together...................................................54 3.2.1 Understanding Different Page Views ...................54 3.2.2 Page Views are for Pages .............................................................55 3.2.3 Single Views are for Posts ............................................................55 3.2.4 The Many Faces of Archive Views .................................................56 3.2.5 Which File Renders What? ............................................................57 3.3.1 Kicking It Off with the Header ...............................58 3.3.2 The DOCTYPE and HTML Attributes ..............................................58 3.3.3 META Elements .........................................................................59 3.3.4 The Title ..................................................................................59 3.3.5 Link Elements ...........................................................................61 3.3.6 The wp_head() Function .............................................................64 3.3.7 Template Tags ...........................................................................65 3.4.1 The WordPress Loop .................................................67 3.4.2 The Loop in Plain English ............................................................68 3.4.3 The Loop Just Knows .................................................................69 3.4.4 Some Common “Loop Only” Functions ..........................................70 3.4.5 Some Common “Outside Loop” Functions .......................................71 3.5.1 Comments ....................................................................71 3.5.2 The comments.php File ..............................................................71 3.5.3 Selective Inclusion for Different Views ............................................72 3.6.1 The Sidebar .................................................................74 3.6.2 Purpose and Placement ..............................................................74 3.6.3 Popular Sidebar Functions ...........................................................75 3.6.4 Widgets, Widgets, Widgets ...........................................................78 3.7.1 The Search Form ........................................................79 3.7.2 Why is This a Separate File? ..........................................................79 3.7.3 Alternatives to WordPress Search ...................................................80 3.8.1 The Footer ...................................................................81 3.8.2 The wp_footer() Hook ................................................................81 3.8.3 Mini Footers / Mega Footers .........................................................82 3.9.1 Theme Functions .......................................................83 3.9.2 Functions are for Specific Themes .................................................83 3.9.3 Advantage Over Core Hacks ........................................................84 4 Theme Design and Development 4.1.1 Customizing the Loop ..............................................87 4.1.2 The Loop Doesn’t Care About Markup ............................................88 4.1.3 The Power of query_posts ...........................................................90 4.1.4 Displaying Different Numbers of Posts ............................................91 4.1.5 Excluding Specific Categories .......................................................91 4.1.6 Changing the Sort Order .............................................................92 4.1.7 Show Specific Pages, Embed a Page within a Page ............................92 4.1.8 Using Multiple Loops ..................................................................92 4.2.1 Sidebars and Footers ................................................96 4.2.2 Multiple Sidebars .......................................................................96 4.3.1 Menus, Archive Lists & Tag Clouds .......................99 4.3.2 Page-Specific Menu Styles ..........................................................101 4.3.3 Create the Perfect Archives Page ..................................................103 4.3.4 Impress Your Visitors with a Tag Cloud .........................................105 4.4.1 Side Content and Useful Menu Items ................105 4.4.2 Displaying Recent Comments .....................................................106 4.4.3 Displaying Recent Posts .............................................................107 4.4.4. Listing Popular Posts .................................................................108 4.4.5 Listing Recently Modified Posts ....................................................109 4.4.6 Listing Random Posts ................................................................110 4.4.7 Import and Display Twitter .........................................................110 4.4.8 Import and Display Delicious ......................................................113 4.4.9 Import and Display Other Content ...............................................114 4.5.1 Creating and Using Child Themes .....................117 4.6.1 Styling Your Theme ................................................118 4.6.2 Different Inclusion Methods ........................................................119 4.6.3 To Reset or Not To Reset? ..........................................................120 4.6.4 Basic CSS Optimization ..............................................................121 4.7.1 Using Multiple Themes ...........................................123 4.8.1 Widgetizing ...............................................................126 5 Extending Functionality 5.1.1 Extensibility ...............................................................131 5.1.2 Extending WordPress with Plugins ................................................131 5.1.3 A Plugin for (Almost) Everything ..................................................131 5.1.4 Do You Need a Plugin? ...............................................................135 5.1.5 Choosing the Perfect Plugin ........................................................136 5.2.1 Plugin Usage and Maintenance ..........................138 5.2.2 Sequential Installation ...............................................................138 5.2.3 Keep Plugins Up-To-Date ...........................................................138 5.2.4 Subscribe to Plugin Comment Threads .........................................139 5.2.5 Getting Help with Plugins ...........................................................140 5.2.6 Diagnosing Plugin Conflicts ........................................................140 5.2.7 Disabling and Uninstalling Plugins ................................................141 5.2.8 Share Your Experience with Others ...............................................143 5.3.1 Extending with Custom Functions .....................144 5.3.2 Plugins vs. Theme Functions .......................................................145 5.3.3 Useful Examples of Theme Functions ............................................146 5.3.4 Example #1: Easy Admin Buttons for Comments .............................146 5.3.5 Example #2: Sitewide Shortcode Functionality ................................147 5.3.6 Example #3: Transferring Plugins to functions.php ...........................149 5.3.7 Example #4: Transferring Functions to a Plugin ..............................150 5.4.1 Other Ways to Extend Functionality ..................151 5.4.2 Functions Within Theme Files .....................................................151 5.4.3 Hacking the WordPress Core .......................................................153 5.5.1 WordPress as a CMS ................................................154 5.5.2 CMS Features Built Into WordPress ...............................................154 5.5.3 Working With Custom Fields .......................................................155 5.5.4 Users, Roles and Permissions ......................................................160 5.5.5 Categorizing, Tagging, and Custom Taxonomies .............................161 5.5.6 Page Templates ........................................................................162 5.5.7 Page, Category, and Tag Heirarchies .............................................163 5.5.8 Dynamic Menus .......................................................................165 5.6.1 Extending CMS Functionality ...............................166 5.6.2 CMS-Related Plugins .................................................................166 5.6.3 Using WordPress as a Forum .......................................................171 5.6.4 Integration with Third-Party Forum Applications .............................172 5.6.5 Multiple Blogs with WordPress MU ...............................................173 6 Working with RSS Feeds 6.1.1 Working with RSS Feeds ........................................177 6.1.2 Quick Introduction to Feeds ........................................................177 6.1.3 Dynamic Publishing and Content Distribution .................................177 6.1.4 The Pros and Cons of Delivering RSS Feeds ....................................178 6.2.1 Different Types of WordPress Feeds ...................178 6.2.2 Posts Feed .............................................................................180 6.2.3 Comments Feed ......................................................................180 6.2.4 Individual Post Comments Feed ..................................................181 6.2.5 Category and Tag Feeds ............................................................181 6.2.6 Other Feed Types .....................................................................182 6.3.1 Feed Configurations and Formats ......................183 6.3.2 Full Feeds ...............................................................................185 6.3.3 Partial Feeds ............................................................................186 6.3.4 Number of Posts ......................................................................186 6.3.5 WordPress Feed Formats ............................................................187 6.4.1 Using FeedBurner For Feed Delivery .................190 6.4.2 Benefits of Using FeedBurner ......................................................190 6.4.3 Setting Up and Configuring a FeedBurner Account ..........................192 6.4.4 Redirecting to FeedBurner via Plugin ............................................192 6.4.5 - Redirecting to FeedBurner via HTAccess ......................................193 6.4.6 Redirecting to FeedBurner via PHP ...............................................195 6.5.1 Tracking and Displaying Statistics ......................197 6.5.2 Types of Statistics Provided by FeedBurner .....................................197 6.5.3 Displaying FeedBurner Statistics ..................................................198 6.5.4 Alternatives to FeedBurner .........................................................199 6.6.1 Customizing Feeds .................................................201 6.6.2 Formatting Feed Images ...........................................................203 6.6.3 Adding a Custom Feed Image ....................................................204 6.6.4 Include Comments in Feeds ......................................................206 6.6.5 Creating Custom Feeds.............................................................208 6.6.6 More Feed Customization Tricks ..................................................212 6.6.7 Styling Feeds ...........................................................................213 6.6.8 Removing the WordPress Version Number .....................................213 6.6.9 Disable and Redirect Unwanted Feed Formats ................................215 6.6.10 Insert Custom Content into Feeds ..............................................216 6.6.11 Importing and Displaying External Feeds ......................................218 6.6.12 Buffer Period After Posting ........................................................219 6.6.13 Protecting Feed Content ...........................................................221 6.7.1 Validating Feeds .......................................................223 6.7.2 Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Errors ........................................224 7 Working with Comments 7.1.1 Optimizing the Comments Area ..........................227 7.1.2 Welcome to the WordPress Comments Area ..................................228 7.1.3 About the WordPress Comment System ........................................228 7.1.4 Comments, Pingbacks and Trackbacks ..........................................227 7.1.5 Anatomy of the WordPress Comment Area ....................................229 7.2.1 Syndicating Comments 7.2.2 WordPress Main Comments Feed .................................................233 7.2.3 Post-Specific Comment Feeds ....................................................234 7.3.1 Formatting the Comments Area ..........................235 7.3.2 Using wp_list_comments() or a Custom Loop? ................................237 7.3.3 Implementing Paged Comments .................................................243 7.3.4 Implementing Threaded Comments ............................................245 7.3.5 Separating comments, pingbacks and trackbacks ............................249 7.3.6 Eliminating Pingbacks and Trackbacks ..........................................252 7.3.7 Control Directly with the Database ...............................................255 7.4.1 Customizing Comment Display ...........................256 7.4.2 Numbering Comments Globally and Locally ..................................256 7.4.3 Alternating Comment Styles .......................................................260 7.4.4 Custom Styles for Authors and Members ........................................261 7.4.5 Styling Comments with Gravatars ................................................263 7.4.6 Add a Message ........................................................................265 7.4.7 Moderation Links in the Theme Itself ............................................267 7.4.8 Display Comment, Ping/Trackback Counts ....................................268 7.5.1 Optimizing the Comment Form ..........................269 7.5.2 Setup Comment Previews .........................................................269 7.5.3 Rich-Text Editors for Comments ..................................................270 7.5.4 Adding Comment Quicktags ......................................................272 7.5.5 Comment Management and Spam Prevention ................................274 7.6.1 Controlling Comment Spam .................................274 7.6.2 WordPress’ Built-In Anti-Spam Functionality ..................................275 7.6.3 Anti-Spam Plugins for WordPress .................................................276 7.7.1 Other Considerations & Techniques ...................278 7.7.2 Enhancing and Encouraging Comments .......................................278 7.7.3 “nofollow” Links ........................................................................279 7.7.4 Integrating Twitter ....................................................................282 8 Search Engine Optimization 8.1.1 SEO Strengths and Weaknesses .........................285 8.1.2 Strong Focus on Content ..........................................................285 8.1.3 Built-In “nofollow” Comment Links ..............................................286 8.1.4 Duplicate Content Issues ...........................................................286 8.2.1 Controlling Duplicate Content ............................287 8.2.2 Meta noindex and nofollow Tags ................................................288 8.2.3 Nofollow attributes ...................................................................291 8.2.4 Robots.txt Directives ................................................................293 8.2.5 Canonical Meta Tags .................................................................297 8.2.6 Use Excerpts for Posts ..............................................................299 8.3.1 Optimizing Permalink Structure .........................300 8.3.2 Default URLs vs. “Pretty” Permalinks .............................................300 8.3.3 Keep Permalinks Short ...............................................................301 8.3.4 Maximize Permalink Keywords ...................................................303 8.4.1 Scoring with Google ...............................................305 8.4.2 Content, Content, Content ........................................................305 8.4.3 Detecting Duplicate Content ......................................................305 8.4.4 Optimizing Heading Elements .....................................................307 8.4.5 Optimizing Title Tags ...............................................................308 8.4.6 The nofollow Wars ....................................................................310 8.4.7 Fixing Broken Links ...................................................................310 8.4.8 Using a Sitemap .......................................................................312 8.4.9 Other SEO tips .........................................................................313 8.4.10 SEO-Related plugins ................................................................314 8.5.1 Tracking the Success of Your Site .......................316 8.5.2 Statistical WordPress plugins .......................................................316 8.5.3 Shaun Inman’s Mint Stats ...........................................................317 8.5.4 Google Analytics ......................................................................318 8.5.5 Other Metrics ..........................................................................319 8.6.1 Closing Thoughts on SEO .....................................320 9 Maintaining a Healthy Site 9.1.1 Keeping a Site Healthy ...........................................323 9.1.2 Securing WordPress ...................................................................323 9.1.3 Setting Secure File Permissions ...................................................324 9.1.4 Disabling Directory Views ..........................................................326 9.1.5 Forbid Access to Sensitive Files ...................................................328 9.1.6 Neuter the Default “admin” User Account .......................................339 9.1.7 Remove the WordPress Version Number .......................................340 9.1.8 Securing Your Database .............................................................341 9.1.9 Secure Multiple Installations .......................................................344 9.1.10 Prevent Hotlinking ..................................................................344 9.1.11 More WordPress Security Help ...................................................345 9.2.1 Stopping Comment Spam ....................................346 9.2.2 Configuring Your WordPress Admin Options...................................347 9.2.3 Using the Built-In Comment Moderation ......................................348 9.2.4 Using the Built-In Comment Blacklist ...........................................348 9.2.5 Disabling Comments on Old Posts ..............................................349 9.2.6 Deny Access to No-Referrer Requests ..........................................349

Letter Game IOI 1995 Figure 1: Each of the 26 lowercase letters and its value Letter games are popular at home and on television. In one version of the game, every letter has a value, and you ...

云计算学习/第四章，应用系统分布式构建运维/部署主从数据库/部署Nginx服务/安装PHP环境/分布式部署LNMP+WordPress

24,923

社区成员

16,544

社区内容

发帖

与我相关

我的任务

社区管理员

加入社区

近7日
近30日
至今

加载中

查看更多榜单

社区公告

暂无公告

试试用AI创作助手写篇文章吧

+ 用AI写文章