写代码过程中判断两个文件是否相同，来给定测试结果，运用的是oprator.eq(a,res)。但是json文件内容过多，自己看起是相同，其实是由于自己粗心导致，这时候我们可以用以下代码来判断

   #方法1
    for key in a.keys():
        if a[key] != res[key]:
            print("key is %s, and a[key] is %s, res[key] is %s" % (key, a[key], res[key]))
    for key in res.keys():
        if a[key] != res[key]:
            print("key is %s, and a[key] is %s, res[key] is %s" % (key, a[key], res[key]))```

#方法2
    for key in res['users'][0].keys():
        if a['users'][0][key] != res['users'][0][key]:
            print("key is %s, and a['users'][0][key] is %s, res['users'][0][key] is %s" % (key, a['users'][0][key], res['users'][0][key]))
    for key in a['users'][0].keys():
        if a['users'][0][key] != res['users'][0][key]:
            print("key is %s, and a['users'][0][key] is %s, res['users'][0][key] is %s" % (key, a['users'][0][key], res['users'][0][key]))
   #方法3
    for i in(0,len( res['users'])-1):
        for key in res['users'][i].keys():
            if a['users'][i][key] != res['users'][i][key]:
                print("key is %s, and a['users'][i][key] is %s, res['users'][i][key] is %s" % (
                key, a['users'][i][key], res['users'][i][key]))
        for key in a['users'][i].keys():
            if a['users'][i][key] != res['users'][i][key]:
                print("key is %s, and a['users'][i][key] is %s, res['users'][i][key] is %s" % (
                key, a['users'][i][key], res['users'][i][key]))

题目分析

1. 操作JSON需要用到JSON包
2. 把JSON文件转化为字典后进行比较
3. 对比：普通比较“==”，现有的模块deepdiff

比较方法1

import json

"""
This snippet is used to compare two json files, and find out the differences.
"""
# read json file, return dict file
def file_reader(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as json_file:
        file_contents = json.load(json_file)
        return file_contents

def dict_compare(d1, d2):
    d1_keys = set(d1.keys())
    d2_keys = set(d2.keys())
    shared_keys = d1_keys.intersection(d2_keys)
    added = d2_keys - d1_keys
    removed = d1_keys - d2_keys
    modified = {k: (d1[k], d2[k]) for k in shared_keys if d1[k] != d2[k]}
    same = set(k for k in shared_keys if d1[k] == d2[k])
    return added, removed, modified, same

if __name__ == "__main__":
    f1_path = './file1.json'
    f2_path = './file2.json'
    d1 = file_reader(f1_path)
    d2 = file_reader(f2_path)
    added, removed, modified, same = dict_compare(d1, d2)
    print('JSON文件比较结果如下：\n')
    print('增加项：%s\n' % added)
    print('删除项：%s\n' % removed)
    print('修改项：%s\n' % modified)
    print('相同项：%s\n' % same)
    

比较方法2

import json
import deepdiff  # pip install deepdiff

"""
This snippet is used to compare two json files, and find out the differences.
"""
# read json file, return dict file
def file_reader(file_path):
    with open(file_path, 'rb') as json_file:
        file_contents = json.load(json_file)
        return file_contents


if __name__ == "__main__":
    f1_path = './file1.json'
    f2_path = './file2.json'
    d1 = file_reader(f1_path)
    d2 = file_reader(f2_path)
    diff = deepdiff.DeepDiff(d1, d2)
    print('JSON文件比较结果如下：\n')
    print('增加项：%s\n' % diff['dictionary_item_added'])
    print('删除项：%s\n' % diff['dictionary_item_removed'])
    print('修改项：%s\n' % diff['values_changed'])

测试文件

file1.json

{
    "a":{
        "a1": "123",
        "a2": "456"
    },
    "b":{
        "b1": "135",
        "b2": "246"
    },
    "d":{
        "b1": "135",
        "b2": "246"
    }
}

file2.json

{
    "a":{
        "a1": "123",
        "a2": "456"
    },
    "c":{
        "b1": "135",
        "b2": "246"
    },
    "b":{
        "b1": "1357",
        "b2": "246"
    }
}

1.简单方法：模糊对比：将两个json数据（JSON.stringify）转成字符串，进行对比。

2.精确方法：递归

第一步：先准备三个工具方法：用于判断是否是对象类型，是否是数组，获取对象长度

function isObj(object) {
  return object && typeof(object) == 'object' && 
  Object.prototype.toString.call(object).toLowerCase() == "[object object]";
}
function isArray(object) {
  return object && typeof(object) == 'object' && object.constructor == Array;
}

function getLength(object) {
  var count = 0;
  for(var i in object) count++;
  return count;
}

第二步：准备两个相同或者不同的json对象

var jsonObjA = {
    "Name": "MyName",
    "Company": "MyCompany",
    "Infos": [{
            "Age": "100"
        },
        {
            "Box": [{
                    "Height": "100"
                },
                {
                    "Weight": "200"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "Address": "马栏山"
}
var jsonObjB = {
    "Name": "MyName",
    "Company": "MyCompany",
    "Infos": [{
            "Age": "100"
        },
        {
            "Box": [{
                    "Height": "100"
                },
                {
                    "Weight": "200"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "Address": "马栏山二号"
}

第三步：主要代码

function Compare(objA, objB) {
    if(!isObj(objA) || !isObj(objB)) return false; //判断类型是否正确
    if(getLength(objA) != getLength(objB)) return false; //判断长度是否一致
    return CompareObj(objA, objB, true); //默认为true
}

function CompareObj(objA, objB, flag) {
    for(var key in objA) {
        if(!flag) //跳出整个循环
            break;
        if(!objB.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
            flag = false;
            break;
        }
        if(!isArray(objA[key])) { //子级不是数组时,比较属性值
            if(objB[key] != objA[key]) {
                flag = false;
                break;
            }
        } else {
            if(!isArray(objB[key])) {
                flag = false;
                break;
            }
            var oA = objA[key],
                oB = objB[key];
            if(oA.length != oB.length) {
                flag = false;
                break;
            }
            for(var k in oA) {
                if(!flag) //这里跳出循环是为了不让递归继续
                    break;
                flag = CompareObj(oA[k], oB[k], flag);
            }
        }
    }
    return flag;
}

第四步：调用代码

var result = Compare(jsonObjA, jsonObjB);
console.log(result); // true or false

3.ES6：将嵌套结果扁平化的方法

//只有一层
const arr1 = [1, 2, 3, 4,[5],6,[7]];
const res=arr1.flatMap(x =>x)
console.log(res);
//打印：(7) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
//两层时
const arr2 = [1, 2, 3, 4,[[5]],6,[[[7]]]];
const res=arr2.flatMap(x =>x)
console.log(res);
打印：[1, 2, 3, 4, [5], 6, [7]]