Windows 电脑离线安装 MySQL 服务准备

官网下载安装压缩包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads

备注：下载社区版5.7即可，企业版需要收费并且还需要登陆才能下载。

 

安装开始

1、官网下载压缩包安装文件，如：mysql-5.7.19-winx64.zip

2、将压缩包解压至本地目录，如：D:\tools\mysql-5.7.19-winx64

3、D:\tools\mysql-5.7.19-winx64 添加 my.ini 配置文件

[client]
port=3306
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld] 
# 设置为自己MYSQL的安装目录 
#basedir=D:\tools\mysql-5.7.23-winx64
# 设置为MYSQL的数据目录 
#datadir=D:\tools\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\data
#port=3306
character_set_server=utf8
#sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
# 开启查询缓存
#explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
# 第一次启动MYSQL打开这行（一定放在末尾），可以免密登陆，方便登录设置root密码
skip-grant-tables

4、使用管理员运行命令行，如：Windows 10 使用 win 键 + x 键，选择 Windows PowerShell(管理员)：

5、进入解压目录：

cd D:
cd D:\tools\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\bin

6、执行安装命令：

mysqld.exe install

7、第一次安装，数据目录没有初始化，需要运行如下命令，否则不能启动

mysqld.exe  --initialize

8、启动 mysql 服务：

# 管理员模式下执行命令
net start mysql

# 或者通过 Windwos 服务窗口手动启动
# win 键 + R 键
# 输入命令 services.msc
# 选择 MySQL 服务，右键启动


9、配置 mysql 环境变量，使可以使用 mysql 命令（可不配置）：

# 新建
MYSQL_HOME=D:\tools\mysql-5.7.23-winx64\
# 编辑 Path(注意前后分号)，末尾增加 
;%MYSQL_HOME%\bin\;

10、进入 mysql ，命令：

# 密码默认为空
mysql -u root -p

11、设置 root 密码：

use mysql
update user set authentication_string=password('root') where user='root';

12、注释 skip-grant-tables 配置，每次登陆需要需要密码：

net stop mysql
net start mysql
# 需要如如密码才能登录
mysql -u root -p

 

1.官网下载 mysql文件。官网下载链接：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
选择mysql下载的系统版本。
此处可以下载MSI安装包，图简单的朋友可以下载，然后“下一步”安装即可。
此处下载ZIP压缩包版(这次记录ZIP压缩包安装方法)
2.解压如下：
3.修改my.ini的配置.若该解压文件夹下无my.ini文件，则新建my.ini。配置如下：
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port=3309
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\devsoft\mysql-8.0.15-winx64
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\devsoft\mysql-8.0.15-winx64\Data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
max_connect_errors=10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3309
default-character-set=utf8
4.修改my.ini的配置
5.修改后的my.ini
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# 设置3306端口
port=3309
# 设置mysql的安装目录
basedir=D:\devsoft\mysql-8.0.15-winx64
# 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录
datadir=D:\devsoft\mysql-8.0.15-winx64\Data
# 允许最大连接数
max_connections=200
# 允许连接失败的次数。这是为了防止有人从该主机试图攻击数据库系统
max_connect_errors=10
# 服务端使用的字符集默认为UTF8
character-set-server=utf8
# 创建新表时将使用的默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
# 默认使用“mysql_native_password”插件认证
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password
sql_mode = 'STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION'
[mysql]
# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集
default-character-set=utf8
[client]
# 设置mysql客户端连接服务端时默认使用的端口
port=3309
default-character-set=utf8
6.在环境变量path中加入D:\devsoft\mysql-8.0.15-winx64\bin
7.初始化数据库，生成随机root密码；创建MySQL8.0服务，服务名为：mysql8-meet；修改root密码；使用新密码登录mysql。
①以管理员身份运行cmd
②输入：cd C:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.11-meet\bin 进入mysql的bin文件夹
③输入：mysqld --initialize
④查找随机生成的root密码！在C:\Program Files\MySQL\mysql-8.0.11-meet\Data文件夹下找到 *.err文件，用notepad++工具打开随机密码：udURRomgU8=p
⑤输入：mysqld -install mysql8-meet
⑥启动服务，输入：net start mysql8
⑦连接数据库，修改随机密码：
ALTER user 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
(注：mysql 5.7.9以后废弃了password字段和password()函数，因此百度到的set password = password('root') 的方法是错误的。)
然后执行：
flush privileges;
⑧用navicat工具连接数据库，输入新设置的root密码。

1.mysql-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar下载百度云资源
提取码：ej1y
2.把下载的mysql安装包上传到Centos上
解压mysql，我这是在Windows上解压的上传到Centos上，我在Centos上解压mysql不知道为什么少了rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包
tar –xvf mysql-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
3.查看mysql依赖
rpm -qa | grep mysql
4.如果查看有mysql依赖，就删除mysql依赖,
rpm -e --nodeps `rpm -qa | grep mysql`
5.再次查是否有mysql依赖
rpm -qa | grep mysql
6.安装一定要按照顺序来
第一个安装：  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm报了一个错误
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml:        XML  document text
from:                                       cannot open `from' (No such file or directory)
install:                                    cannot open `install' (No such file or directory)
of:                                         cannot open `of' (No such file or directory)
mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64: cannot open `mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64' (No such file or directory)
conflicts:                                  cannot open `conflicts' (No such file or directory)
with:                                       cannot open `with' (No such file or directory)
file:                                       cannot open `file' (No such file or directory)
from:                                       cannot open `from' (No such file or directory)
package:                                    cannot open `package' (No such file or directory)
MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64:  cannot open `MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64' (No such file or directory)
原因：已存在MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64的库(这是我以前安装MariaDB数据库，如果是别的也要根据对应的名字删除)，所以需要先删除以前的库才能安装！
执行强制卸载命令：
rpm -e MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64--nodeps
然后查看：
rpm –qa | grep mysql
再继续安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]
第二个安装：
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-libs   ########################################### [100%]
第三个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-client ########################################### [100%]
第四个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-server ########################################### [100%]
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
第五个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-devel  ########################################### [100%]
7.使用命令启动mysql服务
service mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:  [  OK  ]
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]#
8.使用命令生成一个随机密码：grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-04-07T12:32:39.276158Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]#
注意：密码是root@localhost:右边的字符串
root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O   这里生成的随机密码是：>v>uyo:fg7.O
MySQL 会在 /var/log/mysqld.log 日志中生成一个随机密码，默认需要修改密码才能使用
可以通过 vim  /var/log/mysqld.log 打开里面有一行这样的代码
2020-04-07T12:32:39.276158Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O
9.修改密码，先登录mysql
mysql -u root –p
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
我这随机密码就是：>v>uyo:fg7.O
10.登录成功
[root@localhost log]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 5.7.25
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'wangqing';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
11.修改密码：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';
12.设置权限
为了可以远程连接该数据库，需要设置相应的权限
#任何主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '刚刚修改的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#指定主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xxxx'@’xx.xx.xx.xx’ IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxx' WITH GRANT OPTION;
13.刷新权限
mysql>flush privileges;
这就完成了，可以用sql工具连接mysql了

1.mysql-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar下载百度云资源
提取码：ej1y
2.把下载的mysql安装包上传到Centos上
解压mysql，我这是在Windows上解压的上传到Centos上，我在Centos上解压mysql不知道为什么少了rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm包
tar –xvf mysql-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
3.查看mysql依赖
rpm -qa | grep mysql
4.如果查看有mysql依赖，就删除mysql依赖,
rpm -e --nodeps `rpm -qa | grep mysql`
5.再次查是否有mysql依赖
rpm -qa | grep mysql
6.安装一定要按照顺序来
第一个安装：  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm报了一个错误
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# file /usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml from install of mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 conflicts with file from package MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64
/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml:        XML  document text
from:                                       cannot open `from' (No such file or directory)
install:                                    cannot open `install' (No such file or directory)
of:                                         cannot open `of' (No such file or directory)
mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64: cannot open `mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64' (No such file or directory)
conflicts:                                  cannot open `conflicts' (No such file or directory)
with:                                       cannot open `with' (No such file or directory)
file:                                       cannot open `file' (No such file or directory)
from:                                       cannot open `from' (No such file or directory)
package:                                    cannot open `package' (No such file or directory)
MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64:  cannot open `MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64' (No such file or directory)
原因：已存在MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64的库(这是我以前安装MariaDB数据库，如果是别的也要根据对应的名字删除)，所以需要先删除以前的库才能安装！
执行强制卸载命令：
rpm -e MariaDB-common-10.4.8-1.el7.centos.x86_64--nodeps
然后查看：
rpm –qa | grep mysql
再继续安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-common ########################################### [100%]
第二个安装：
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-libs   ########################################### [100%]
第三个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-client ########################################### [100%]
第四个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-server ########################################### [100%]
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
第五个安装
rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-devel-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
1:mysql-community-devel  ########################################### [100%]
7.使用命令启动mysql服务
service mysqld start
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# service mysqld start
Starting mysqld:  [  OK  ]
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]#
8.使用命令生成一个随机密码：grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# grep "temporary password" /var/log/mysqld.log
2020-04-07T12:32:39.276158Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]#
注意：密码是root@localhost:右边的字符串
root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O   这里生成的随机密码是：>v>uyo:fg7.O
MySQL 会在 /var/log/mysqld.log 日志中生成一个随机密码，默认需要修改密码才能使用
可以通过 vim  /var/log/mysqld.log 打开里面有一行这样的代码
2020-04-07T12:32:39.276158Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: >v>uyo:fg7.O
9.修改密码，先登录mysql
mysql -u root –p
[root@localhost mysql-5.7.25]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
我这随机密码就是：>v>uyo:fg7.O
10.登录成功
[root@localhost log]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 12
Server version: 5.7.25
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'wangqing';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
11.修改密码：
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';
12.设置权限
为了可以远程连接该数据库，需要设置相应的权限
#任何主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '刚刚修改的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#指定主机
mysql>GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xxxx'@’xx.xx.xx.xx’ IDENTIFIED BY 'xxxx' WITH GRANT OPTION;
13.刷新权限
mysql>flush privileges;
这就完成了，可以用sql工具连接mysql了