基于MATLAB语言的线性系统校正方法的仿真研究外文文献原文 
 
中 北 大 学 信 息 商 务 学 院毕业论文外文文献原文及译文学生姓名： 学号： 系 别： 专 业： 指导教师： 2009 年 6 月李鑫 05031401X18信息与通信工程自动化理王建萍Inves tigation of Controller Des ign Based on MATLABAbstr act: The paper firstly introduces the software of MATLAB by emphasizing its wide applications in different areas. Then, mainamend s include in series and feedback are summarized. Finally, the article gives the skill to design controller by using MATLABbased on two examples.Keywords: MATLAB; the amend of control system1.MATLAB synopsisMATLAB is the collection value computation, the symbolic operation and graph processing and so onthe idable function in a body science computation language.Calculates the plat as the idablescientific idea, it can meet all computation need nearly.MATLABhas all developed the function idable module collection or the labor to many special domainshas the box.Generally speaking, they all are develop by the specific domain expert,but the user may be directly with the toolbox study, the application and the appraisal differentside does not need own to compile the code.At present, MATLAB already hadthe labor the box to extend the scientific research and project application many domains, such asdata acquisition, database interface, probability statistics, spline fit, control system departmentseries design, LMI control, robust control and so on.As a result of the MATLAB language invarious aspects idable function, it had taken at present the project and the scientific educational circles one profession standard, more and more many people study MATLAB.2.The control system adjustment so-called control system adjusts, is joins some its senate number in the systemto be possible according to the organization or the installment which needs to change, causes the system entire specialto change, thus assigns satisfiedly each perance index.According to the correction in the system connection way, control system schoolsquare -like may divide into the series to adjust, the feedback adjusts, the forward feed adjustment and compoundadjusts four kinds.The series correction meets generally in front of the system error measuring point andamplifier, serially connects in the system front channel; The feedback school true thingsets meets in the system local feedback circuit.The forward feed adjusts called along feeds the schoolto be positive, is adjustment way which uses outside the system primary feedback return route.The forward feedcorrection meets after the system given value (or instruction, reference signal)and in front of on the primary feedback action point front channel.The forward feed adjusts mayalone affect in the open-loop control system, also may adjust asthe feedback control system attachment composes the compound control system.The compound adjustment way is inthe reaction control return route, joins the forward feed adjustment circuit, composes an organicwhole.In the control syst

 
毕 业 设 计(论文)
 
外 文 文 献 翻 译
 
文献、资料中文题目：微型计算机控制系统(单片机控制系统)
 
文献、资料英文题目：Microcomputer Systems
 
文献、资料来源：
 
文献、资料发表(出版)日期：
 
院 (部)：
 
专 业： 电子信息科学与技术
 
班 级：
 
姓 名：
 
学 号：
 
指导教师：
 
翻译日期： 2017.02.14
 
毕业设计外文资料翻译
 
Graduation design foreign language translation
 
外文资料：
 
Microcomputer Systems
 
Electronic systems are used for handing information in the most general sense; this information may be telephone conversation, instrument read or a company’s accounts, but in each case the same main type of operation are involved: the processing, storage and transmission of information. in conventional electronic design these operations are combined at the function level; for example a counter, whether electronic or mechanical, stores the current and increments it by one as required. A system such as an electronic clock which employs counters has its storage and processing capabilities spread throughout the system because each counter is able to store and process numbers.
 
Present day microprocessor based systems depart from this conventional approach by separating the three functions of processing, storage, and transmission into different section of the system. This partitioning into three main functions was devised by Von Neumann during the 1940s, and was not conceived especially for microcomputers. Almost every computer ever made has been designed with this structure, and despite the enormous range in their physical forms, they have all been of essentially the same basic design.
 
In a microprocessor based system the processing will be performed in the microprocessor itself. The storage will be by means of memory circuits and the communication of information into and out of the system will be by means of special input/output(I/O) circuits. It would be impossible to identify a particular piece of hardware which performed the counting in a microprocessor based clock because the time would be stored in the memory and incremented at regular intervals but the microp

 
外文文献原文及译文
 
Getting PHP to Talk to MySQl
 
通过PHP访问MySQL
 
系 别：
 
专 业：
 
2015年5月14日
 
Getting PHP to Talk to MySQl
 
Now that you’re comfortable using the MySQL client tools to manipulate data in the database, you can begin using PHP to display and modify data from the database. PHP has standard functions for working with the database.
 
First, we’re going to discuss PHP’s built-in database functions. We’ll also show you how to use the The PHP Extension and Application Repository (PEAR) database functions that provide the ability to use the same functions to access any supported database. This type of flexibility comes from a process called abstraction. In programming interfaces, abstraction simplifies a complex interaction.
 
It works by removing any nonessential parts of the interaction, allowing you to concentrate on the important parts. PEAR’s DB classes are one such database interface abstraction. The information you need to log into a database is reduced to the bare minimum. This standard format allows you to interact with MySQL, as well as other databases using the same functions. Similarly, other MySQL-specific functions are replaced with generic ones that know how to talk to many databases. For example, the MySQL-specific connect function is:
 
mysql_connect($db_host, $db_username, $db_password); versus PEAR’s DB connect function:
 
$connection =
 
DB::connect("mysql://$db_username:$db_password@$db_host/$db_database");
 
The same basic information is present in both commands, but the PEAR function also specifies the type of databases to which to connect. You can connect to MySQL or other supported databases. We’ll discuss both connection methods in detail.
 
In this chapter, you’ll learn how to connect to a MySQL server fromPHP, how to use PHP to access and retrieve stored data, and how to correctly display Resources.
 
When connecting to a MySQL database, you will use two new resources. The first is the li

 
外文文献翻译译稿 1
 
卡尔曼滤波的一个典型实例是从一组有限的，包含噪声的，通过对物体位置的观察序列
 
(可能有偏差)预测出物体的位置的坐标及速度。在很多工程应用(如雷达、计算机视觉)
 
中都可以找到它的身影。 同时，卡尔曼滤波也是控制理论以及控制系统工程中的一个重要课
 
题。
 
例如，对于雷达来说，人们感兴趣的是其能够跟踪目标。但目标的位置、速度、加速度的
 
测量值往往在任何时候都有噪声。卡尔曼滤波利用目标的动态信息，设法去掉噪声的影响，
 
得到一个关于目标位置的好的估计。 这个估计可以是对当前目标位置的估计 (滤波)，也可
 
以是对于将来位置的估计(预测)，也可以是对过去位置的估计(插值或平滑)。
 
命名 [编辑 ]
 
这种滤波方法以它的发明者鲁道夫 .E.卡尔曼( Rudolph E. Kalman )命名，但是根据文献
 
可知实际上 Peter Swerling 在更早之前就提出了一种类似的算法。
 
斯坦利。施密特( Stanley Schmidt )首次实现了卡尔曼滤波器。卡尔曼在 NASA 埃姆斯研
 
究中心访问时， 发现他的方法对于解决阿波罗计划的轨道预测很有用， 后来阿波罗飞船的导
 
航电脑便使用了这种滤波器。关于这种滤波器的论文由 Swerling (1958 )、Kalman (1960)
 
与 Kalman and Bucy (1961 )发表。
 
目前，卡尔曼滤波已经有很多不同的实现。 卡尔曼最初提出的形式现在一般称为简单卡尔曼
 
滤波器。除此以外，还有施密特扩展滤波器、信息滤波器以及很多 Bierman, Thornton 开发
 
的平方根滤波器的变种。 也许最常见的卡尔曼滤波器是锁相环， 它在收音机、 计算机和几乎
 
任何视频或通讯设备中广泛存在。
 
以下的讨论需要线性代数以及概率论的一般知识。
 
卡尔曼滤波建立在 线性代数 和 隐马尔可夫模型 (hidden Markov model )上。其基本动态
 
系统可以用一个 马尔可夫链 表示，该马尔可夫链建立在一个被高斯 噪声 (即正态分布的噪声)
 
干扰的 线性算子 上的。 系统的 状态 可以用一个元素为实数的 向量表示。 随着 离散时间 的每一
 
个增加，这个 线性算子 就会作用在当前 状态 上，产生一个新的状态，并也会带入一些噪声，
 
同时系统的一些已知的控制器的控制信息也会被加入。 同时，另一个受噪声干扰的线性算子
 
产生出这些隐含状态的可见输出。
 
卡尔曼滤波是一种 递归 的估计，即只要获知上一时刻状态的估计值以及当前状态的观测值
 
就可以计算出当前状态的估计值， 因此不需要记录观测或者估计的历史信息。 卡尔曼滤波器
 
与大多数滤波器不同之处， 在于它是一种纯粹的 时域 滤波器， 它不需要像 低通滤波器 等频域
 
滤波器那样，需要在频域设计再转换到时域实现。
 
卡尔曼滤波器的状态由以下两个变量表示：
 
，在时刻 k 的状态的估计；
 
，误差相关矩阵，度量估计值的精确程度。
 
卡尔曼滤波器的操作包括两个阶段： 预测 与 更新 。在预测阶段， 滤波器使用上一状态的估计，
 
做出对当前状态的估计。 在更新阶段， 滤波器利用对当前状态的观测值优化在预测阶段获得
 
的预测值，以获得一个更精确的新估计值。
 
预测
 
(预测状态 )
 
(预测估计协方差矩阵)
 
更新
 
首先要算出以下三个量：
 
(测量余量， measurement residual)