学生管理系统纯Java–管理界面

一、代码结构

entity包：包含了两个实体类，一个学生一个用户

repository包：包含对实体类至SQL中的操作

service包：用户操作实体类的桥梁

ui包：界面包

utils包：工具包用于连接数据库和制作界面表格的工具类

lib包：引入的jar包，连接数据库的工具包

二、各个包详解

2.1、entity包

StudentInfo.java省略get、set、toString方法

package com.sgu.entity;

public class StudentInfo {
    private Integer id;
    private String number;
    private String name;
    private String address;
}

User.java省略get、set、toString方法

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    }

2.2、repository包

StudentRepository.java

package com.sgu.repository;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.sgu.entity.StudentInfo;
import com.sgu.utils.DBUtil;

public class StudentRepository {
/**
 * 
 * @Title: selectUser
 * @Description: 执行select查询操作
 * @param sql select语句
 * @param args SQL语句中的参数
 * @return
 * @return List<User>
 */
public static List<StudentInfo> selectStudentInfo(String sql, Object[] args) {
	List<StudentInfo> studentInfos = new ArrayList<StudentInfo>();

	// 1.连接数据库
	Connection connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
	// 2.执行SQL命令
	PreparedStatement pStatement = null;
	ResultSet resultSet = null;

	try {
		pStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

		for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
			pStatement.setObject((i + 1), args[i]);
		}

		resultSet = pStatement.executeQuery();
		while (resultSet.next()) {
			StudentInfo studentInfo = new StudentInfo();
			studentInfo.setId(resultSet.getInt(1));

			studentInfo.setNumber(resultSet.getString(2));
			studentInfo.setName(resultSet.getString(3));
			studentInfo.setAddress(resultSet.getString(4));
			studentInfos.add(studentInfo);
		}
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	} finally {
		DBUtil.close(connection, pStatement, resultSet);

	}
	return studentInfos;

}

/**
 * 
 * @Title: updateStudent
 * @Description: 执行Insert update delete 语句
 * @param sql Insert update delete 语句
 * @param args Insert update delete 语句参数
 * @return
 * @return 受影响的行数
 */
public static int updateStudent(String sql, Object[] args) {
	int n = 0;
	Connection connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
	PreparedStatement pStatement = null;

	try {
		pStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

		for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
			pStatement.setObject((i + 1), args[i]);
		}
		n = pStatement.executeUpdate();
	} catch (SQLException e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated catch block
		e.printStackTrace();
	}

	return n;

	}
}

UserRepository.java

package com.sgu.repository;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.sgu.entity.User;
import com.sgu.utils.DBUtil;

public class UserRepository {

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: selectUser
	 * @Description: 执行select查询操作
	 * @param sql select语句
	 * @param args SQL语句中的参数
	 * @return
	 * @return List<User>
	 */
	public static List<User> selectUser(String sql, Object[] args) {
		List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
		// 1.连接数据库
		Connection connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
		// 2.执行SQL命令
		PreparedStatement pStatement = null;
		ResultSet resultSet = null;

		try {
			pStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

			for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
				pStatement.setObject((i + 1), args[i]);
			}

			resultSet = pStatement.executeQuery();
			while (resultSet.next()) {
				User user = new User();
				user.setId(resultSet.getInt("id"));
				user.setUsername(resultSet.getString("username"));
				user.setPassword(resultSet.getString("password"));

				users.add(user);
			}
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			DBUtil.close(connection, pStatement, resultSet);

		}
		return users;

	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: updateUser
	 * @Description: 执行Insert update delete 语句
	 * @param sql Insert update delete 语句
	 * @param args Insert update delete 语句参数
	 * @return
	 * @return 受影响的行数
	 */
	public static int updateUser(String sql, Object[] args) {
		int n = 0;
		Connection connection = DBUtil.getConnection();
		PreparedStatement pStatement = null;

		try {
			pStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);

			for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
				pStatement.setObject((i + 1), args[i]);

			}
			n = pStatement.executeUpdate();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		return n;

	}

}

2.3、service包

StudentService.java

package com.sgu.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.sgu.entity.StudentInfo;
import com.sgu.repository.StudentRepository;

public class StudentService {

	/**
	 * 取得所有的学生信息
	 * @Title: getAllStudents
	 * @Description: TODO
	 * @return StudentInfo对象的List集合
	 * @return List<StudentInfo>
	 */
	public List<StudentInfo> getAllStudents() {

		List<StudentInfo> stus = null;

		String sql = "select * from studentinfo";
		Object[] args = new Object[0];
		stus = StudentRepository.selectStudentInfo(sql, args);

		return stus;
	}

	/**
	 * 添加学生信息
	 * @Title: addStudent
	 * @Description: TODO
	 * @param stu 欲添加学生的信息
	 * @return 添加成功返回true，否则返回false
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean addStudent(StudentInfo stu) {
		String sql = "insert into studentinfo (number,name,address) values(?,?,?)";

		Object[] args = { stu.getNumber(), stu.getName(), stu.getAddress() };
		if (StudentRepository.updateStudent(sql, args) > 0) {
			return true;
		}
		return false;

	}

	/**
	 * 编辑学生信息
	 * @Title: editStudent
	 * @Description: TODO
	 * @param stu 编辑后的学生信息
	 * @return 编辑成功之后返回true，否则返回false
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean editStudent(StudentInfo stu) {
		String sql = "update studentinfo set number=?,name=?,address=? where id=?";
		Object[] args = { stu.getId(), stu.getNumber(), stu.getName(), stu.getAddress() };
		if (StudentRepository.updateStudent(sql, args) > 0) {
			return true;

		}
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * 删除学生信息
	 * @Title: deleteStudent
	 * @Description: TODO
	 * @param id 学生id
	 * @return 删除成功返回true，否则返回false
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public boolean deleteStudent(int id) {

		String sql = "delete from studentinfo where id=?";
		Object[] args = { id };
		if (StudentRepository.updateStudent(sql, args) > 0) {
			return true;
		}

		return false;

	}
}

UserService.java

package com.sgu.service;

import java.util.List;

import com.sgu.entity.User;
import com.sgu.repository.UserRepository;

/**
 * 用户业务逻辑
 * @version: 1.0
 * @ClassName UserService
 */
public class UserService {

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: login
	 * @Description: 用户登录业务逻辑
	 * @param username 用户名
	 * @param password 密码
	 * @return
	 * @return User 通过身份验证，返回User对象，否则返回null
	 */
	public User login(String username, String password) {

		String sql = "select * from t_user where username = ? and password = ?";
		Object[] args = { username, password };
		List<User> users = UserRepository.selectUser(sql, args);

		if (users.size() == 0) {
			return null;
		}
		return users.get(0);

	}
}

2.4、ui包

UserLogin.java

package com.sgu.ui;

import java.awt.Toolkit;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPasswordField;
import javax.swing.JTextField;

import com.sgu.entity.User;
import com.sgu.service.UserService;

public class UserLogin extends JFrame implements ActionListener {

	private UserService userService = new UserService();

	private JLabel nameLabel = new JLabel("用户名");
	private JTextField nameText = new JTextField(10);
	private JLabel pwdLabel = new JLabel("密码");
	private JPasswordField pwdJText = new JPasswordField(10);
	private JButton btnButton = new JButton("确定");

	public UserLogin() {

		init();
	}

	private void init() {

		setTitle("系统登录");
		setLayout(null);

		nameLabel.setBounds(40, 10, 50, 30);
		nameText.setBounds(110, 10, 150, 30);
		pwdLabel.setBounds(40, 50, 50, 30);
		pwdJText.setBounds(110, 50, 150, 30);
		btnButton.setBounds(100, 120, 80, 30);

		btnButton.setActionCommand("ok");

		btnButton.addActionListener(this);

		add(nameLabel);
		add(nameText);
		add(pwdLabel);
		add(pwdJText);
		add(btnButton);

		// 获取屏幕的宽和高
		int width = (int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth();
		int height = (int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight();

		// 设置登录窗体位于屏幕正中央
		setLocation((width - 300) / 2, (height - 200) / 2);
		setSize(300, 200);
		setVisible(true);

	}

	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		// 处理按钮单击逻辑
		if (e.getActionCommand().equals("ok")) {
			// 取得用户输入的用户名和密码
			String username = nameText.getText();
			String pwd = new String(pwdJText.getPassword());

			// 调用业务逻辑判断用户身份
			User user = userService.login(username, pwd);
			if (user != null) {
				// 关闭窗体，将用户信息传递给主窗体

				MainFrame mainFrame = new MainFrame(user);
				// 关闭窗体
				this.dispose();

			} else {
				JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, "用户名或密码错误", "错误", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
			}

		}
	}

}

StudentManagerFrame.java

package com.sgu.ui;

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JInternalFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.event.ListSelectionEvent;
import javax.swing.event.ListSelectionListener;

import com.sgu.entity.StudentInfo;
import com.sgu.service.StudentService;
import com.sgu.utils.StuTableModel;

/**
 * 学生管理子窗体，用于显示所有的学生信息和添加/删除/编辑学生
 * @version: 1.0
 * @ClassName StudentManagerFrame
 */
public class StudentManagerFrame extends JInternalFrame implements ActionListener {

	private StudentService studentService = new StudentService();// 取得业务层对象

	private JTable table;// 表格
	private StuTableModel model;// 表格数据

	private JLabel idLabel = new JLabel("编号");
	private JLabel idText = new JLabel("0");
	private JLabel numberLabel = new JLabel("学号");
	private JTextField numberText = new JTextField(10);
	private JLabel nameLabel = new JLabel("姓名");
	private JTextField nameText = new JTextField(10);
	private JLabel addressLabel = new JLabel("联系地址");
	private JTextField addressText = new JTextField(10);
	private JButton saveBtn = new JButton("保存");
	private JButton deleteBtn = new JButton("删除");
	private JButton addBtn = new JButton("添加");

	public StudentManagerFrame(String title, boolean resizeable, boolean closeable, boolean max) {

		super(title, resizeable, closeable, max);
		init();
	}

	private void init() {

		setLayout(new BorderLayout());// 设置子窗体的布局管理器

		List<StudentInfo> stus = studentService.getAllStudents();// 取得所有学生的信息

		model = new StuTableModel(stus);
		table = new JTable(model);

		// 表格的选择事件

		table.getSelectionModel().addListSelectionListener(new ListSelectionListener() {
			// 当选择了某一行的时候触发事件
			@Override
			public void valueChanged(ListSelectionEvent e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated method stub
				int row = table.getSelectedRow();// 获得选中行
				StudentInfo stu = model.stus.get(row);// 获得选中的学生的信息
				idText.setText(stu.getId() + "");
				numberText.setText(stu.getNumber());
				nameText.setText(stu.getName());
				addressText.setText(stu.getAddress());

			}
		});

		JScrollPane scrollPane = new JScrollPane(table);
		add(scrollPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);// 将表格添加到窗体的中间位置

		// 制作学生编辑界面
		JPanel panel = new JPanel();
		panel.add(idLabel);
		panel.add(idText);
		panel.add(numberLabel);
		panel.add(numberText);
		panel.add(nameLabel);
		panel.add(nameText);
		panel.add(addressLabel);
		panel.add(addressText);

		saveBtn.setActionCommand("save");
		saveBtn.addActionListener(this);

		deleteBtn.setActionCommand("delete");
		deleteBtn.addActionListener(this);

		addBtn.setActionCommand("add");
		addBtn.addActionListener(this);

		panel.add(saveBtn);
		panel.add(deleteBtn);
		panel.add(addBtn);

		add(panel, BorderLayout.NORTH);

		setSize(800, 300);
		setVisible(true);
	}

	// 表格的选择事件处理
	@Override
	public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String info = "";
		if (e.getActionCommand().equals("save")) {
			StudentInfo stu = new StudentInfo();
			stu.setId(Integer.parseInt(idText.getText()));
			stu.setNumber(numberText.getText());
			stu.setName(nameText.getText());
			stu.setAddress(addressText.getText());

			// 调用业务逻辑实现数据的编辑
			if (studentService.editStudent(stu)) {
				info = "编辑学生信息成功";
				model.stus = studentService.getAllStudents();// 更新表格中的数据
				table.updateUI();// 更新界面，获得最新的数据

			} else {
				info = "编辑学生信息失败";
			}
		}
		if (e.getActionCommand().equals("delete")) {
			int id = Integer.parseInt(idText.getText());
			if (studentService.deleteStudent(id)) {
				info = "删除学生成功";
				model.stus = studentService.getAllStudents();// 更新表格中的数据
				table.updateUI();// 更新界面，获得最新的数据
			} else {
				info = "删除学生失败";
			}
		}

		if (e.getActionCommand().equals("add")) {
			StudentInfo stu = new StudentInfo();
			stu.setNumber(numberText.getText());
			stu.setName(nameText.getText());
			stu.setAddress(addressText.getText());

			if (studentService.addStudent(stu)) {
				info = "添加学生成功";
				model.stus = studentService.getAllStudents();// 更新表格中的数据
				table.updateUI();// 刷新表格界面，获得最新的数据
			} else {
				info = "添加学生失败";
			}
		}

		JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, info, "消息", JOptionPane.WARNING_MESSAGE);
	}

}

MainFrame.java

package com.sgu.ui;

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

import javax.swing.JDesktopPane;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;

import com.sgu.entity.User;

/**

 * 学生管理系统主窗体
 * @version: 1.0
 * @ClassName MainFrame
   */

public class MainFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
private User user = null;

private JDesktopPane jDesktopPane = new JDesktopPane();

// 菜单
private JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();// 菜单栏
private JMenu stuManager = new JMenu("管理");
private JMenuItem showStus = new JMenuItem("学生管理");
private JMenuItem showUsers = new JMenuItem("用户管理");

public MainFrame(User user) {
	this.user = user;
	init();
}

private void init() {

	// 添加 菜单栏中的按钮
	showStus.setActionCommand("showStus");
	showStus.addActionListener(this);// 注册事件监听器
	stuManager.add(showStus);// 将学生管理菜单项添加到管理菜单
	menuBar.add(stuManager);// 将管理菜单添加到菜单栏
	setJMenuBar(menuBar);// 在窗体上设置菜单栏

	add(jDesktopPane);// 在主窗体中设置承载子窗体的容器

	setTitle("学生信息管理程序");
	setSize(1024, 400);
	setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
	setVisible(true);
}

@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
	// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	// 在菜单按钮的单击事件中，打开子窗体
	StudentManagerFrame studentManagerFrame = new StudentManagerFrame("学生管理", true, true, true);
	jDesktopPane.add(studentManagerFrame);

	}

}

Demo.java

测试类，测试许多功能使用的类

package com.sgu.ui;

//测试数据库
public class Demo {

	public static void main(String[] args) {

		// ==================================================
		// ==================================================
		// ===================LOGIN==========================
		// ==================================================
		// ==================================================

		UserLogin userLogin = new UserLogin();

		// ==================================================
		// ==================================================
		// ===================CRUD===========================
		// ==================================================
		// ==================================================

//		StudentService service = new StudentService();

//		// 删除用户
//		if (service.deleteStudent(4)) {
//			System.out.println("删除成功");
//		} else {
//			System.out.println("删除失败");
//		}

		// 编辑用户数据
//		StudentInfo studentInfo = new StudentInfo();
//		studentInfo.setId(4);
//		studentInfo.setNumber("20171812010");
//		studentInfo.setName("我是谁");
//		studentInfo.setAddress("我在那");
//
//		if (service.editStudent(studentInfo)) {
//			System.out.println("编辑成功");
//		} else {
//			System.out.println("编辑失败");
//		}

		// 添加用户 数据
//		StudentInfo student = new StudentInfo();
//		student.setNumber("20171812010");
//		student.setName("不知道");
//		student.setAddress("不知道");
//
//		if (service.addStudent(student)) {
//
//			System.out.println("添加成功");
//		} else {
//			System.out.println("添加失败");
//		}

		// 测试查询用户数据

//		List<StudentInfo> stusInfos = service.getAllStudents();
//		for (StudentInfo s : stusInfos) {
			System.out.println(s.getId() + "\t" + s.getNumber() + "\t" + s.getName() + "\t" + s.getAddress());
//			System.out.println(s.getId() + "\t" + s.getName() + "\t" + s.getAddress() + "\t" + s.getNumber() + "\t");
//
//		}

		// 测试登录

//		UserService userService = new UserService();
//		Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
//		System.out.println("请输入用户名");
//		String name = scanner.next();
//		System.out.println("请输入密码");
//		String pwd = scanner.next();
//		if (userService.login(name, pwd) != null) {
//			System.out.println("登录成功");
//
//		} else {
//			System.out.println("登录失败");
//		}
	}

}

2.5、utils包

DBUtil.java

package com.sgu.utils;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBUtil {

	private static Connection connection = null;
	private static final String URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_student?useSSL=false";
	private static final String UNAME = "root";
	private static final String PWD = "root";

	static {

		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO: handle exception
			System.out.println("加载驱动失败！");
		}

	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: getConnection
	 * @Description: 连接数据库
	 * @return Connection
	 */
	public static Connection getConnection() {
		try {
			connection = DriverManager.getConnection(URL, UNAME, PWD);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			System.out.println("数据库连接失败！");
		}
		return connection;
	}

	/**
	 * 
	 * @Title: close
	 * @Description: 关闭数据库连接
	 * @param connection Connection 对象
	 * @param pStatement PreparedStatement 对象
	 * @param rSet ResultSet 对象
	 * @return void
	 */
	public static void close(Connection connection, java.sql.PreparedStatement pStatement, ResultSet rSet) {

		if (rSet != null) {
			try {
				rSet.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		if (pStatement != null) {
			try {
				pStatement.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

		if (connection != null) {
			try {
				connection.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}

}

StuTableModel.java

package com.sgu.utils;

import java.util.List;

import javax.swing.table.AbstractTableModel;

import com.sgu.entity.StudentInfo;

/**
 * 设置学生表格布局
 * @version: 1.0
 * @ClassName StuTableModel
 */
public class StuTableModel extends AbstractTableModel {

	public List<StudentInfo> stus = null;// 表格中的数据
	String[] columnNames = { "编号", "学号", "姓名", "联系地址" };// 列标题

	public StuTableModel(List<StudentInfo> stus) {

		this.stus = stus;
	}

	// 获得表格的行数
	@Override
	public int getRowCount() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return stus.size();
	}

	// 获得表格的列数
	@Override
	public int getColumnCount() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return columnNames.length;
	}

	// 获得列名称
	@Override
	public String getColumnName(int column) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return columnNames[column];
	}

	// 设置单元格是否可以修改
	@Override
	public boolean isCellEditable(int rowIndex, int columnIndex) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return false;
	}

	// 获得表格中每一个单元格的数据
	@Override
	public Object getValueAt(int row, int col) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub

		Object data = null;
		switch (col) {
		case 0:
			data = stus.get(row).getId();
			break;
		case 1:
			data = stus.get(row).getNumber();
			break;
		case 2:
			data = stus.get(row).getName();
			break;
		case 3:
			data = stus.get(row).getAddress();
			break;

		}

		return data;
	}

}

三、效果图

3.1、登录图

3.2、主界面图

3.3、功能栏

3.4、操作界面图

四、数据库及其结构

create database db_student;
use db_student;
create table t_user(
       id int auto_increment,
       username varchar(20) null,
       password varchar(20) null,
       primary key(id)
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8;
create table studentinfo(
       id int auto_increment,
       number varchar(11) null,
       name varchar(10) null,
       address varchar(50) null,
       primary key(id)
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8;
insert into t_user(username,password) values('admin','admin');
insert into studentinfo(number,name,address) values('20171812001','刘备','涿郡');
insert into studentinfo(number,name,address) values('20171812002','关羽','河东');
insert into studentinfo(number,name,address) values('20171812003','张飞','涿郡');
select * from t_user;
select * from studentinfo;

五、结束语

一些功能没有完善，只写了一个学生管理的，像用户以及管理员等功能没有写，结构比较简单。